医院护士离职的非经济和经济影响：系统评价。
Noneconomic and economic impacts of nurse turnover in hospitals: A systematic review.
机构信息
Associate Professor, College of Nursing, Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
出版信息
Int Nurs Rev. 2022 Sep;69(3):392-404. doi: 10.1111/inr.12769. Epub 2022 Jun 2.
AIM
To examine and synthesize the noneconomic and economic impacts of nurse turnover in acute hospitals.
BACKGROUND
Nurse turnover occurs when nurses leave their jobs or the profession and is a major concern for the healthcare industry. Many studies have investigated the determinants of nurse turnover.
METHODS
The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist was utilized in the current review. Article search was conducted in June 2021. Research articles published since January 2000 were included. Eight databases (e.g., CINAHL, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science) were used. The following eligibility criteria were applied for inclusion: Articles that (1) were nonexperimental quantitative studies, (2) examined the impact of actual nurse turnover in acute hospitals, (3) were a peer-reviewed original research article, and (4) were written in English or Korean.
RESULTS
Among 9,041 searched articles, 16 were included in the review. Seven studies investigated the association of nurse turnover with processes and outcomes (workgroup processes, nurse staffing, nurse outcomes, and patient outcomes), and partially supported the negative impact of turnover. Nine studies found that nurse turnover is very costly.
CONCLUSION
Most studies investigated the turnover cost, which is costly. The negative noneconomic impact of nurse turnover was partially supported.
IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE AND NURSING POLICY
To prevent the adverse noneconomic and economic impacts of nurse turnover and retain nurses, healthcare organizations, nurse managers, and hospital staff nurses need to develop and implement prevention strategies and policies to address nurse turnover. Efforts to address nurse turnover can increase hospital competency to improve the quality of nursing care services and patient safety.
目的
考察和综合分析急性医院护士离职对非经济和经济的影响。
背景
当护士离开工作岗位或离开护理行业时，就会发生护士离职，这是医疗保健行业的主要关注点。许多研究都调查了护士离职的决定因素。
方法
本综述使用了系统评价和荟萃分析首选报告项目清单。2021 年 6 月进行了文章搜索。纳入了自 2000 年 1 月以来发表的研究文章。使用了八个数据库（例如，CINAHL、PubMed、PsycINFO 和 Web of Science）。纳入标准如下：（1）非实验性定量研究；（2）考察急性医院实际护士离职的影响；（3）为同行评审的原始研究文章；（4）用英文或韩语撰写。
结果
在搜索的 9041 篇文章中，有 16 篇被纳入综述。有 7 项研究调查了护士离职与流程和结果（工作组流程、护士配置、护士结果和患者结果）之间的关系，并部分支持离职的负面影响。有 9 项研究发现护士离职的成本非常高。
结论
大多数研究调查了离职成本，这是很昂贵的。护士离职的非经济负面影响得到了部分支持。
对护理实践和护理政策的影响
为了防止护士离职的不利非经济和经济影响并留住护士，医疗保健组织、护士管理人员和医院在职护士需要制定和实施预防策略和政策来解决护士离职问题。解决护士离职问题的努力可以提高医院的能力，以改善护理服务质量和患者安全。
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