Psychology of Aging Unit, University of Liege, Belgium.
J Aging Stud. 2022 Jun;61:101020. doi: 10.1016/j.jaging.2022.101020. Epub 2022 Mar 21.
A culture change movement is taking place in some nursing homes: from the traditional biomedical to more person-centred and relational environments. However, knowledge of the institutional preferences of older people among the general population is limited. We focused on identifying what is important to older people when choosing a nursing home. We also wanted to determine which type of environment (traditional or relational) they would be more inclined to enter; where they would feel better cared for and respected; where professionals would offer more adequate support; where older people would feel more at home, and where they would feel freer to live the life they wanted. A cross-sectional study based on the analysis of two brochures was conducted: one integrated traditional nursing home information, the other included information related to the culture change environment. Participants (n = 71) were first asked, when choosing a nursing home, what the most important features were. They were then asked to consider the two brochures and, after reading each, to assess their desire to enter the nursing home, their feelings about the care given by the professionals, the respect of their personal habits and their choices, the professional support, the home-like atmosphere and freedom to live their life. Finally, they were asked to choose one nursing home. The features cited by the participants were then evaluated by independent evaluators to identify their orientation (traditional or culture change nursing home). The majority was assessed as having a culture change in orientation. After reading the culture change brochure, participants felt more inclined to enter the nursing home, and believed that they would be better cared for, be more respected (habits and choices), and freer to live the life they desired in a home-like atmosphere, compared to the traditional brochure. Finally, most participants chose the culture change nursing home as their final choice. The results support the potential benefits of culture change within nursing home environments.
从传统的生物医学模式转向更加以人为本和注重关系的环境。然而，对于普通人群来说，他们对于老年人在选择养老院时的机构偏好知之甚少。我们专注于确定老年人在选择养老院时看重哪些因素。我们还想确定他们更倾向于进入哪种类型的环境（传统型还是关系型）；他们会在哪里感到得到更好的照顾和尊重；在何处专业人员会提供更充分的支持；他们会在哪里感到更自在，以及在哪里感到更自由地过自己想要的生活。本研究采用基于对两份宣传册的分析的横断面研究方法：一份综合了传统养老院的信息，另一份则包含与文化变革环境相关的信息。参与者（n=71）首先被问及在选择养老院时最重要的特征是什么。然后要求他们考虑这两份宣传册，在阅读每一份后，评估他们入住养老院的意愿、他们对专业人员提供的护理的感受、对个人习惯和选择的尊重程度、专业人员的支持、家一般的氛围以及过自己想要的生活的自由。最后，他们被要求选择一家养老院。然后由独立评估者评估参与者提到的特征，以确定其倾向（传统型或文化变革型养老院）。大多数参与者被评估为具有文化变革的倾向。与阅读传统型宣传册相比，参与者在阅读了文化变革宣传册后，更倾向于入住养老院，并认为他们会得到更好的照顾，会得到更多的尊重（习惯和选择），并且在一个家一般的氛围中过自己想要的生活时会感到更加自由。最后，大多数参与者选择文化变革型养老院作为他们的最终选择。这些结果支持了养老院环境中进行文化变革的潜在益处。
