Marmor M, Glickman L, Shofer F, Faich L A, Rosenberg C, Cornblatt B, Friedman S
Am J Public Health. 1987 May;77(5):554-9. doi: 10.2105/ajph.77.5.554.
Sera from 4,652 children whose blood was submitted to the New York City Department of Health for lead analysis were tested for antibodies to Toxocara canis using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Standardized to the age distribution of the study population, T. canis seropositivity (inverse titers greater than or equal to 16) was 5.7 per cent in males and 5.1 per cent in females. T. canis antibody titers and lead exposures as measured by Centers for Disease Control lead classes were positively correlated. Children who were seropositive to T. canis (cases) were compared to seronegatives (controls) matched on age (+/- 6 months), sex, time-of-screening (+/- 3 months) and CDC lead class. Logistic regression analysis of 155 case-control pairs demonstrated elevated relative risks (RRs) for geophagia (RR = 3.14; 95% CI = 1.75, 5.64) and having had a litter of puppies in the home (RR = 5.22; 95% CI = 1.63, 16.71). Compared to controls, cases had increased eosinophil counts, serum immunoglobulin E concentrations, and anti-hemagglutinin-A titers. Small deficits in cases compared to controls were found in performance on several neuropsychological tests after adjustment for potential confounders including case-control differences in race, socioeconomic status, and current blood lead concentrations. The study thus confirmed that T. canis infection is common in urban children and suggested that infection may be associated with adverse neuropsychological effects.
对4652名儿童的血清进行检测，这些儿童的血液已提交给纽约市卫生部门进行铅分析，采用酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）检测犬弓首线虫抗体。根据研究人群的年龄分布进行标准化后，犬弓首线虫血清阳性率（反向滴度大于或等于16）在男性中为5.7%，在女性中为5.1%。通过疾病控制中心铅分类测量的犬弓首线虫抗体滴度与铅暴露呈正相关。将犬弓首线虫血清阳性的儿童（病例）与年龄（±6个月）、性别、筛查时间（±3个月）和疾病控制中心铅分类相匹配的血清阴性儿童（对照）进行比较。对155对病例对照进行逻辑回归分析，结果显示，食土癖（相对风险RR = 3.14；95%可信区间CI = 1.75, 5.64）和家中曾养过一窝幼犬（RR = 5.22；95%CI = 1.63, 16.71）的相对风险升高。与对照组相比，病例组的嗜酸性粒细胞计数、血清免疫球蛋白E浓度和抗血凝素-A滴度增加。在调整了潜在混杂因素（包括病例对照在种族、社会经济地位和当前血铅浓度方面的差异）后，发现病例组在几项神经心理学测试中的表现与对照组相比存在微小缺陷。因此，该研究证实犬弓首线虫感染在城市儿童中很常见，并表明感染可能与不良神经心理学影响有关。
