O'Hara-Wright Michelle, Mobini Sahba, Gonzalez-Cordero Anai
Stem Cell Medicine Group, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia.
School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2022 May 17;10:901652. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2022.901652. eCollection 2022.
Pluripotent stem cell-derived organoid models of the central nervous system represent one of the most exciting areas in tissue engineering. Classically, organoids of the brain, retina and spinal cord have been generated via recapitulation of developmental cues, including biochemical and biomechanical. However, a lesser studied cue, bioelectricity, has been shown to regulate central nervous system development and function. In particular, electrical stimulation of neural cells has generated some important phenotypes relating to development and differentiation. Emerging techniques in bioengineering and biomaterials utilise electrical stimulation using conductive polymers. However, state-of-the-art pluripotent stem cell technology has not yet merged with this exciting area of bioelectricity. Here, we discuss recent findings in the field of bioelectricity relating to the central nervous system, possible mechanisms, and how electrical stimulation may be utilised as a novel technique to engineer "next-generation" organoids.
多能干细胞衍生的中枢神经系统类器官模型是组织工程中最令人兴奋的领域之一。传统上，脑、视网膜和脊髓类器官是通过重现发育线索生成的，包括生化和生物力学线索。然而，生物电这一较少被研究的线索已被证明可调节中枢神经系统的发育和功能。特别是，对神经细胞的电刺激已产生了一些与发育和分化相关的重要表型。生物工程和生物材料领域的新兴技术利用导电聚合物进行电刺激。然而，最先进的多能干细胞技术尚未与这一令人兴奋的生物电领域相结合。在此，我们讨论生物电领域中与中枢神经系统相关的最新发现、可能的机制，以及电刺激如何作为一种新技术用于构建“下一代”类器官。
