School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, Queensland, 4102, Australia.
School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, 288 Herston Road, Herston, Queensland, 4006, Australia.
BMC Med Educ. 2022 Jun 4;22(1):430. doi: 10.1186/s12909-022-03497-2.
A hospital pharmacy foundation residency training program has been introduced in Australia, modelled on residency programs established in other countries. The program aims to support the professional development of early-career hospital pharmacists, in both clinical and non-clinical roles. Pharmacy educators are usually tasked with the implementation and maintenance of this program. This qualitative, longitudinal study aimed to investigate hospital pharmacy educators' expectations, perceptions and experiences with implementing and developing their residency program.
Qualitative data were collected at two timepoints, approximately 24 months apart, using either focus groups or interviews with pharmacy educators who were directly involved in the implementation of the residency program at their respective hospitals. During the early phases of implementation, and approximately 24 months later, participants were asked about their experiences and expectations of the residency program as well as any changes that had occurred within the residency program over time.
Four focus groups and three semi-structured interviews were held with pharmacy educators and senior pharmacists from different hospital settings. These were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were inductively analysed via thematic analysis. Fifteen hospital pharmacy educators and senior hospital pharmacists participated in the initial focus groups and interviews, and seven educators were retained for follow-up. Four main themes were established from the discussions: participants had great expectations of a positive impact of the residency on their workplace and residents' professional development; substantial effort, support and resources were needed to implement and maintain a residency program; self-motivation and engagement is needed by residents to succeed and experience timely completion and career acceleration; and lastly a balance between standardisation, consistency and flexibility in delivering the residency needs to be found. The role of educators changed with the implementation of a residency, with the addition of more managerial and supervisory aspects.
The Australian hospital pharmacy foundation residency program is a complex workplace training program with multiple factors and prerequisites influencing its implementation, development and outcomes. Pharmacy educators are central to the successful implementation and ongoing sustainability of a residency program. They may benefit from formal training and qualifications to support their role.
澳大利亚引入了医院药房基础住院医师培训计划，该计划模仿了其他国家建立的住院医师计划。该计划旨在支持初出茅庐的医院药师在临床和非临床角色中的专业发展。药房教育者通常负责实施和维护该计划。本定性、纵向研究旨在调查医院药房教育者对实施和发展其住院医师计划的期望、看法和经验。
在大约 24 个月的时间里，通过焦点小组或对直接参与各自医院住院医师计划实施的药房教育者进行访谈，分两个时间点收集定性数据。在实施的早期阶段和大约 24 个月后，参与者被问及他们对住院医师计划的经验和期望，以及该计划在一段时间内发生的任何变化。
来自不同医院环境的药房教育者和高级药剂师参加了四组焦点小组和三组半结构化访谈。这些内容都进行了录音，并逐字转录。通过主题分析对抄本进行了归纳分析。最初的焦点小组和访谈有 15 名医院药房教育者和高级医院药剂师参加，有 7 名教育者参加了后续的访谈。讨论确定了四个主题：参与者对住院医师对工作场所和居民专业发展的积极影响寄予厚望；实施和维持住院医师计划需要大量的努力、支持和资源；居民需要自我激励和参与才能取得成功并及时完成和加速职业发展；最后，在提供住院医师时需要找到标准化、一致性和灵活性之间的平衡。随着住院医师计划的实施，教育者的角色发生了变化，增加了更多的管理和监督方面。
澳大利亚医院药房基础住院医师培训计划是一个复杂的工作场所培训计划，有多个因素和前提条件影响其实施、发展和结果。药房教育者是成功实施和持续维持住院医师计划的核心。他们可能受益于正式的培训和资格认证，以支持他们的角色。
