Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, Jammu & Kashmir, 181221, India.
Chem Soc Rev. 2022 Jun 20;51(12):5175-5213. doi: 10.1039/d1cs00550b.
While there is a tremendous amount of scientific research on metal organic frameworks (MOFs) for gas storage/separation, catalysis and energy storage, the development and application of biocompatible MOFs still poses major challenges. In general, they can be synthesised from various biocompatible linkers and metal ions but particularly cyclodextrins (CDs) as cyclic oligosaccharides are an astute choice for the former. Although the field of CD-MOF materials is still in the early stages and their design and fabrication comes with many hurdles, the benefits coming from CDs built in a porous framework are exciting. Versatile host-guest complexation abilities, high encapsulation capacity and hydrophilicity are among the valuable properties inherent to CDs and offer extended and novel applications to MOFs. In this review, we provide an overview of the state-of-the-art synthesis, design, properties and applications of these materials. Initially, a rationale for the preparation of CD-based MOFs is provided, based on the chemical and structural properties of CDs and including their advantages and disadvantages. Further on, the review exhaustively surveys CD-MOF based materials by categorising them into three sub-classes, namely (i) CD-MOFs, (ii) CD-MOF hybrids, obtained combination with external materials, and (iii) CD-MOF-derived materials prepared under pyrolytic conditions. Subsequently, CD-based MOFs in practical applications, such as drug delivery and cancer therapy, sensors, gas storage, (enantiomer) separations, electrical devices, food industry, and agriculture, are discussed. We conclude by summarizing the state of the art in the field and highlighting some promising future developments of CD-MOFs.
虽然有大量关于金属有机骨架（MOFs）在气体存储/分离、催化和储能方面的科学研究，但生物相容性 MOFs 的开发和应用仍然存在重大挑战。一般来说，它们可以由各种生物相容性的连接物和金属离子合成，但特别是环糊精（CDs）作为环状低聚糖是前者的明智选择。尽管 CD-MOF 材料领域仍处于早期阶段，其设计和制造存在许多障碍，但 CD 构建在多孔骨架中带来的益处令人兴奋。多功能主客体络合能力、高包封能力和亲水性是 CDs 固有的有价值的特性，并为 MOFs 提供了扩展和新颖的应用。在这篇综述中，我们提供了这些材料的最新合成、设计、性能和应用的概述。首先，基于 CDs 的化学和结构特性，提供了制备基于 CD 的 MOFs 的基本原理，包括它们的优缺点。此外，通过将 CD-MOF 基材料分为三类进行了详尽的综述，即（i）CD-MOFs，（ii）CD-MOF 杂化物，与外部材料结合获得，以及（iii）在热解条件下制备的 CD-MOF 衍生材料。随后，讨论了基于 CD 的 MOFs 在实际应用中的应用，如药物输送和癌症治疗、传感器、气体存储、（对映体）分离、电气设备、食品工业和农业。最后，我们总结了该领域的最新进展，并强调了 CD-MOF 的一些有前途的未来发展。
