增加医疗保险覆盖面的社会创新：来自加纳众包竞赛的证据。

Social innovations to increase health coverage: evidence from a crowdsourcing contest in Ghana.

机构信息

Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, University of Ghana School of Public Health, Accra, Greater Accra, Ghana

Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, University of Ghana School of Public Health, Accra, Greater Accra, Ghana.

出版信息

BMJ Open. 2022 Jun 7;12(6):e063119. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-063119.

DOI:10.1136/bmjopen-2022-063119

PMID:35672076

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9174772/

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

Despite progress made to expand access to health service in Ghana, inequities still exist. Social innovations have been developed as community-engaged solutions to decrease inequities.

METHODS

In partnership with a multistakeholder group, our social innovation team organised a crowdsourcing contest to identify health innovations in Ghana. Informed by a WHO-Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases framework, we organised a six-stage crowdsourcing challenge.

RESULTS

In all, 13 innovations were received in the contest, while 2 innovations were rejected after initial screening. The 11 innovations were reviewed by a panel of four independent expert judges. Inter-rated reliability index (kappa) was 0.86. Following the review of the average score, five top innovations were recognised. These submissions can be put into three main themes: technology and strengthening (eg, mHealth for cervical cancer screening, video directly observed therapy), inclusiveness and reaching the marginalised (people with disability and infertility) and data utilisation for project improvement (seasonal calendar to reduce morbidity and mortality of children under 5 for malaria, diarrhoea and pneumonia).

CONCLUSION

In conclusion, this study shows that solutions to local problems exist. Therefore, policymakers, the government and development partners should support the scale-up of such innovations.

摘要

目的

尽管加纳在扩大卫生服务获取方面取得了进展，但仍存在不平等现象。社会创新已作为社区参与的解决方案被开发出来，以减少不平等现象。

方法

我们的社会创新团队与一个多方利益攸关方小组合作，组织了一次众包竞赛，以确定加纳的卫生创新。根据世界卫生组织热带病研究和培训特别规划署的框架，我们组织了一个六阶段的众包挑战。

结果

在竞赛中总共收到了 13 项创新，而在初步筛选后有 2 项创新被拒绝。这 11 项创新由一个由四名独立专家评委组成的小组进行了审查。内部评级可靠性指数（kappa）为 0.86。在审查平均分数后，确定了五项顶级创新。这些提交可以归入三个主要主题：技术和加强（例如，用于宫颈癌筛查的移动医疗，视频直接观察治疗）、包容性和接触边缘化人群（残疾人和不孕人群）以及数据利用以改进项目（季节性日历以降低 5 岁以下儿童疟疾、腹泻和肺炎的发病率和死亡率）。