Nursing Department, Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3 East Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou 310020, China.
Department of Cardiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, No. 83 East Zhongshan Road, Nanming District, Guiyang 550002, China.
Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2023 Mar 1;22(2):193-200. doi: 10.1093/eurjcn/zvac034.
Adherence to diet and exercise recommendations is crucial among metabolic syndrome (MetS) individuals. However, no studies have focused on comprehensive behavioural changes of diet and exercise among individuals with MetS. The present study aimed to explore determinants of adherence to diet and exercise behaviours among people with MetS based on the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, and Behaviour (COM-B) model.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in a health promotion centre of a large and general university hospital in Zhejiang Province, China, in 2021. A total of 241 individuals with MetS completed all scales. The mediation model was tested using structural equation modelling with bootstrapped samples. In the regression-based path analysis, MetS knowledge (β = 0.140), socioeconomic status (β = 0.162), and social support (β = 0.143) directly positively influenced diet behaviour. In addition, social support indirectly positively influenced exercise behaviour through coping and adaptation (β = 0.090). The final theoretical model showed a good fit (root mean square error of approximation = 0.057, comparative fit index = 0.946).
Factors associated with diet behaviour were knowledge of MetS, socioeconomic status, and social support. Adaptation may be a mediator between social support and exercise behaviour. Intervention programmes targeting increased adherence to diet and exercise could include these factors for individuals with MetS.
代谢综合征 (MetS) 患者必须坚持饮食和运动建议。然而，目前还没有研究关注 MetS 患者的饮食和运动综合行为改变。本研究旨在基于能力-机会-动机-行为（COM-B）模型，探讨 MetS 患者饮食和运动行为依从性的决定因素。
2021 年在中国浙江省一家大型综合大学附属医院的健康促进中心进行了一项横断面研究。共有 241 名 MetS 患者完成了所有量表。采用基于结构方程模型的bootstrap 样本测试中介模型。在基于回归的路径分析中，MetS 知识（β=0.140）、社会经济地位（β=0.162）和社会支持（β=0.143）直接正向影响饮食行为。此外，社会支持通过应对和适应间接正向影响运动行为（β=0.090）。最终的理论模型拟合良好（近似均方根误差=0.057，比较拟合指数=0.946）。
与饮食行为相关的因素包括 MetS 知识、社会经济地位和社会支持。适应可能是社会支持与运动行为之间的中介因素。针对 MetS 患者增加饮食和运动依从性的干预计划可以包括这些因素。
