Área de Prehistoria, Universidad de Cádiz, Avda. Dr. Gómez Ulla, 1, 11003, Cádiz, Spain.
Institut für Ur- und Frühgeschichte und Archäologie des Mittelalters, Burgsteige 11, 72070, Tübingen, Germany.
Sci Rep. 2022 Jun 8;12(1):9431. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-13014-6.
The excavations undertaken at the Campo de Hockey site in 2008 led to the identification of a major Neolithic necropolis in the former Island of San Fernando (Bay of Cádiz). This work presents the results of the latest studies, which indicate that the site stands as one of the oldest megalithic necropolises in the Iberian Peninsula. The main aim of this work is to present with precision the chronology of this necropolis through a Bayesian statistical model that confirms that the necropolis was in use from c. 4300 to 3800 cal BC. The presence of prestige grave goods in the earliest and most monumental graves suggest that the Megalithism phenomenon emerged in relation to maritime routes linked to the distribution of exotic products. We also aim to examine funerary practices in these early megalithic communities, and especially their way of life and the social reproduction system. As such, in addition to the chronological information and the Bayesian statistics, we provide the results of a comprehensive interdisciplinary study, including anthropological, archaeometric and genetic data.
2008 年在 Campo de Hockey 遗址进行的发掘工作，揭示了位于前圣费尔南多岛（加的斯湾）上的一个大型新石器时代墓地。这项工作展示了最新研究的结果，表明该遗址是伊比利亚半岛上最古老的巨石墓地之一。这项工作的主要目的是通过贝叶斯统计模型精确展示该墓地的年代学，该模型证实墓地的使用时间约在公元前 4300 年至 3800 年。在最早和最具纪念性的坟墓中发现了贵重的随葬品，这表明巨石现象的出现与与外来产品的分布有关的海上航线有关。我们还旨在研究这些早期巨石社区的丧葬习俗，特别是他们的生活方式和社会再生产系统。因此，除了年代信息和贝叶斯统计数据外，我们还提供了一项全面的跨学科研究的结果，包括人类学、考古计量学和遗传学数据。
