School of Education, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, New South Wales, Australia.
School of Allied Health and Exercise and Sports Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Albury, New South Wales, Australia.
Clin Linguist Phon. 2023 Jun 3;37(4-6):415-435. doi: 10.1080/02699206.2022.2051073. Epub 2022 Jun 8.
Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) face challenges in transcription and diagnosis of speech sound disorders (SSD) in multilingual children due to ambient language influences and cross-linguistic transfer. The VietSpeech Multilingual Transcription Protocol, a 4-step process to undertake impressionistic transcription of multilingual speech was tested using data from Vietnamese-Australian children ( = 69) and adult family members ( = 85). The transcription team included an English-speaking SLP, a Vietnamese-English-speaking linguist and accredited interpreter, and two Vietnamese-English-speaking SLPs. (1) Training: The team completed training together in Vietnamese and English phonology. (2) Speech assessment: The participants were assessed using the Diagnostic Evaluation of Articulation and Phonology (DEAP) in English and the Vietnamese Speech Assessment (VSA). (3) Transcription comparison: Inter-rater reliability for 10 children and 12 adults was calculated using consonant-by-consonant agreement. For English the 3-way inter-rater agreement was 92.62% for children and 88.69% for adults. For Vietnamese the 4-way inter-rater agreement was 86.57% for children and 96.05% for adults. There was a significant correlation between speech accuracy and inter-rater reliability for children's consonants in English ( 0.95) and Vietnamese ( 0.91), and adults' consonants in English ( 0.90), but not for Vietnamese ( = 0.49). Reliability was influenced by phoneme class and whether the target consonant was shared between languages. (4) Rule generation and consensus: Rules based on near functional equivalence were implemented to maintain consistency and reach consensus. SLPs who do not speak clients' home languages can be supported to transcribe multilingual speech by working with multilingual teams, and understanding personal limitations during multilingual speech assessments.
言语语言病理学家（SLP）在对多语言儿童的语音障碍（SSD）进行转录和诊断时，由于环境语言的影响和语言间的迁移，会面临挑战。VietSpeech 多语言转录协议是一个 4 步过程，用于对多语言语音进行印象派转录，该协议使用了来自越南-澳大利亚儿童（n=69）和成年家庭成员（n=85）的数据进行了测试。转录团队包括一名讲英语的 SLP、一名讲越南语-英语的语言学家和认证口译员，以及两名讲越南语-英语的 SLP。（1）培训：团队一起用越南语和英语语音学完成了培训。（2）语音评估：参与者使用英语的诊断性评估发音和音系（DEAP）和越南语音评估（VSA）进行评估。（3）转录比较：通过辅音对辅音的一致性计算了 10 名儿童和 12 名成人的评分者间可靠性。对于英语，儿童的 3 位评分者间一致性为 92.62%，成人的一致性为 88.69%。对于越南语，儿童的 4 位评分者间一致性为 86.57%，成人的一致性为 96.05%。儿童英语辅音的语音准确性和评分者间可靠性之间存在显著相关性（r=0.95）和越南语（r=0.91），以及成人英语辅音的相关性（r=0.90），但越南语（r=0.49）则没有。可靠性受到音位类和目标辅音是否在语言间共享的影响。（4）规则生成和达成共识：基于近功能等效的规则得到了实施，以保持一致性并达成共识。不会讲客户母语的 SLP 可以通过与多语言团队合作，并在进行多语言语音评估时了解个人的局限性，来支持对多语言语音进行转录。
