MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2022 Jun 10;71(23):764-769. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7123e1.
On May 17, 2022, the Massachusetts Department of Public Health (MDPH) Laboratory Response Network (LRN) laboratory confirmed the presence of orthopoxvirus DNA via real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from lesion swabs obtained from a Massachusetts resident. Orthopoxviruses include Monkeypox virus, the causative agent of monkeypox. Subsequent real-time PCR testing at CDC on May 18 confirmed that the patient was infected with the West African clade of Monkeypox virus. Since then, confirmed cases* have been reported by nine states. In addition, 28 countries and territories, none of which has endemic monkeypox, have reported laboratory-confirmed cases. On May 17, CDC, in coordination with state and local jurisdictions, initiated an emergency response to identify, monitor, and investigate additional monkeypox cases in the United States. This response has included releasing a Health Alert Network (HAN) Health Advisory, developing interim public health and clinical recommendations, releasing guidance for LRN testing, hosting clinician and public health partner outreach calls, disseminating health communication messages to the public, developing protocols for use and release of medical countermeasures, and facilitating delivery of vaccine postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) and antivirals that have been stockpiled by the U.S. government for preparedness and response purposes. On May 19, a call center was established to provide guidance to states for the evaluation of possible cases of monkeypox, including recommendations for clinical diagnosis and orthopoxvirus testing. The call center also gathers information about possible cases to identify interjurisdictional linkages. As of May 31, this investigation has identified 17 cases in the United States; most cases (16) were diagnosed in persons who identify as gay, bisexual, or men who have sex with men (MSM). Ongoing investigation suggests person-to-person community transmission, and CDC urges health departments, clinicians, and the public to remain vigilant, institute appropriate infection prevention and control measures, and notify public health authorities of suspected cases to reduce disease spread. Public health authorities are identifying cases and conducting investigations to determine possible sources and prevent further spread. This activity was reviewed by CDC and conducted consistent with applicable federal law and CDC policy..
2022 年 5 月 17 日，马萨诸塞州公共卫生部（MDPH）实验室反应网络（LRN）实验室通过从马萨诸塞州居民的病变拭子中实时聚合酶链反应（PCR）确认存在正痘病毒 DNA。正痘病毒包括猴痘病毒，即猴痘的病原体。随后，疾病预防控制中心于 5 月 18 日进行的实时 PCR 检测证实，该患者感染了西非猴痘病毒株。此后，已有九个州报告了确诊病例*。此外，28 个无地方性猴痘的国家和地区也报告了实验室确诊病例。5 月 17 日，疾病预防控制中心与州和地方司法管辖区协调，启动了一项紧急应对措施，以确定、监测和调查美国境内的其他猴痘病例。该应对措施包括发布卫生警报网络（HAN）健康咨询、制定临时公共卫生和临床建议、发布 LRN 检测指南、举办临床医生和公共卫生合作伙伴外展电话会议、向公众传播健康传播信息、制定医疗对策使用和发布协议，以及为美国政府为防范和应对目的储备的暴露后预防（PEP）疫苗和抗病毒药物的提供便利。5 月 19 日，成立了一个呼叫中心，为各州评估可能的猴痘病例提供指导，包括临床诊断和正痘病毒检测建议。呼叫中心还收集有关可能病例的信息，以确定跨司法管辖区的联系。截至 5 月 31 日，该调查已在美国确定了 17 例病例；大多数病例（16 例）发生在自认为是同性恋、双性恋或男男性行为者（MSM）的人群中。正在进行的调查表明存在人与人之间的社区传播，疾病预防控制中心敦促卫生部门、临床医生和公众保持警惕，实施适当的感染预防和控制措施，并向公共卫生当局报告疑似病例，以减少疾病传播。公共卫生当局正在确定病例并进行调查，以确定可能的来源并防止进一步传播。这项活动经疾病预防控制中心审查，并按照适用的联邦法律和疾病预防控制中心政策进行。
