Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Campus of Melilla, University of Granada, Querol Street, 5, 52004 Melilla, Spain.
Clínica Ana González, Avenida Hernan Nuñez de Toledo 6, 29018 Malaga, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 May 30;19(11):6698. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19116698.
Food strategies are currently used to improve inflammation and oxidative stress conditions in chronic pain which contributes to a better quality of life for patients. The main purpose of this systematic review is to analyze the effectiveness of different dietary strategies as part of the treatment plan for patients suffering from chronic pain and decreased health. PubMed, Web of Science, ProQuest, Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Cambridge Core, and Oxford Academy databases were used to review and to appraise the literature. Randomized clinical trials (RCT), observational studies, and systematic reviews published within the last 6 years were included. The Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale, the PEDro Internal Validity (PVI), the Standard Quality Assessment Criteria for Evaluating Primary Research Papers from a variety of fields (QUALSYT), and the Quality Assessment Tool of Systematic Reviews scale were used to evaluate the risk of bias of the included studies. A total of 16 articles were included, of which 11 were RCTs and 5 were observational studies. Six of them showed an improvement in pain assessment, while two studies showed the opposite. Inflammation was shown to be decreased in four studies, while one did not show a decrease. The quality of life was shown to have improved in five studies. All of the selected studies obtained good methodological quality in their assessment scales. In the PVI, one RCT showed good internal validity, five RCTs showed moderate internal quality, while five of them were limited. Current research shows that consensus on the effects of an IF diet on pain improvement, in either the short or the long term, is lacking. A caloric restriction diet may be a good long term treatment option for people suffering from pain. Time restricted food and ketogenic diets may improve the quality of life in chronic conditions. However, more studies analyzing the effects of different nutritional strategies, not only in isolation but in combination with other therapies in the short and the long term, are needed.
目前，饮食策略被用于改善慢性疼痛患者的炎症和氧化应激状况，从而提高患者的生活质量。本系统评价的主要目的是分析不同饮食策略作为慢性疼痛和健康状况下降患者治疗计划一部分的有效性。使用了 PubMed、Web of Science、ProQuest、Scopus、护理学及相关健康领域累积索引（CINAHL）、剑桥核心和牛津学院数据库来审查和评价文献。纳入了在过去 6 年内发表的随机临床试验（RCT）、观察性研究和系统评价。使用了物理治疗证据数据库（PEDro）量表、PEDro 内部有效性（PVI）、来自多个领域的初级研究论文质量评估标准（QUALSYT）和系统评价质量评估工具（ROBIS）来评估纳入研究的偏倚风险。共纳入 16 篇文章，其中 11 篇为 RCT，5 篇为观察性研究。其中 6 篇显示疼痛评估有所改善，而 2 篇则显示相反的结果。4 篇研究显示炎症有所减轻，而 1 篇则没有。5 篇研究显示生活质量有所改善。所有入选研究在其评估量表中均获得了良好的方法学质量。在 PVI 中，1 项 RCT 显示出良好的内部有效性，5 项 RCT 显示出中等的内部质量，而其中 5 项则是有限的。目前的研究表明，对于 IF 饮食在短期或长期内对疼痛改善的影响，尚未达成共识。对于疼痛患者，热量限制饮食可能是一种很好的长期治疗选择。限时进食和生酮饮食可能会改善慢性疾病的生活质量。然而，需要更多的研究来分析不同营养策略的效果，不仅要孤立地分析，还要在短期和长期内结合其他治疗方法进行分析。
