Apple Research Institute, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Gunwi 39000, Korea.
Posthavest Technology Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 May 26;23(11):6006. doi: 10.3390/ijms23116006.
Apples ( Borkh.) require up to several years for flowering and bearing fruits. The transition from vegetative to reproductive phase is controlled by floral regulators such as and . mediates the maintenance of vegetative phase, unlike the antagonistic function of to promote the transition into reproductive phase. In this study, we isolated apple -like gene () to elucidate various phenotypic traits triggered by the antisense expression of in tobacco apart from its floral induction function. Early flowering was observed in the tobacco line with knockout, indicating the reduced time for transition to vegetative phases. Quantitative reverse-transcription PCR showed upregulation of genes involved in the regulation of floral induction, including and , and downregulation of carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases () and -like genes in transgenic lines. Interestingly, transgenic tobacco expressing antisense exhibited distinct morphological changes in lateral shoot outgrowth, internode length, and the development of leaves, flowers, and fruits. The results suggested that using the antisense expression of gene is one of the approaches to shorten the vegetable phase and proposed improvement of plant architecture in horticultural crops.
苹果（Borkh.）需要数年时间才能开花结果。从营养生长到生殖生长的转变受花器官形成基因等调控。介导了营养生长阶段的维持，而不同于促进向生殖生长阶段转变的拮抗功能。在这项研究中，我们分离了苹果同源基因（），以阐明在烟草中反义表达 除了其花诱导功能之外，还能引发的各种表型特征。在 基因敲除的烟草品系中观察到早花，表明向营养生长阶段转变的时间缩短。定量 RT-PCR 显示，与花诱导调控相关的基因上调，包括和，而类胡萝卜素双加氧酶（）和 样基因下调。有趣的是，表达反义 的转基因烟草在侧枝生长、节间长度和叶片、花和果实的发育方面表现出明显的形态变化。结果表明，利用 基因的反义表达是缩短蔬菜生长阶段的方法之一，并提出了在园艺作物中改进植物结构的方法。
