Comparative Study of Experimental and Modeling of Fly Ash-Based Concrete.

The application of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) in concrete has been reported as the sustainable approach toward the appropriate development. This research aims to compare the result of compressive strength (C-S) obtained from the experimental method and results estimated by employing the various modeling techniques for the fly-ash-based concrete. Although this study covers two aspects, an experimental approach and modeling techniques for predictions, the emphasis of this research is on the application of modeling methods. The physical and chemical properties of the cement and fly ash, water absorption and specific gravity of the aggregate used, surface area of the cement, and gradation of the aggregate were analyzed in the laboratory. The four predictive machine learning (PML) algorithms, such as decision tree (DT), multi-linear perceptron (MLP), random forest (RF), and bagging regressor (BR), were investigated to anticipate the C-S of concrete. Results reveal that the RF model was observed more exact in investigating the C-S of concrete containing fly ash (FA), as opposed to other employed PML techniques. The high R2 value (0.96) for the RF model indicates the high precision level for forecasting the required output as compared to DT, MLP, and BR model R results equal 0.88, 0.90, and 0.93, respectively. The statistical results and cross-validation (C-V) method also confirm the high predictive accuracy of the RF model. The highest contribution level of the cement towards the prediction was also reported in the sensitivity analysis and showed a 31.24% contribution. These PML methods can be effectively employed to anticipate the mechanical properties of concretes.