Wylęgała Adam, Szkodny Dominika, Fiolka Rafał, Wylęgała Edward
Health Promotion and Obesity Management Unit, Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-635 Katowice, Poland.
Ophthalmology Department, Railway Hospital, 40-760 Katowice, Poland.
J Clin Med. 2022 May 24;11(11):2960. doi: 10.3390/jcm11112960.
This study investigated vascular density and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) parameters using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) in patients with keratoconus (KC). Participants with KC and healthy controls were included and underwent best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), keratometry, anterior segment OCT, and macular OCT-A examinations. Of the 70 subjects (mean age 42.9 ± 15.31 years), 79 KC and 47 healthy eyes were included. Significant reductions in the KC group were recorded for the FAZ area, with a mean (±SD) of 0.19 ± 0.12 vs. 0.25 ± 0.09 mm2 p < 0.001. Central vascular density in KC patients was lower compared with the controls: 6.78 ± 4.74 vs. 8.44 ± 3.33 mm−1 p = 0.049; the inner density was also decreased in the study group (13.64 ± 5.13 vs. 16.54 ± 2.89 mm−1, p = 0.002), along with the outer density (14.71 ± 4.12 vs. 16.88 ± 2.42 mm−1, p = 0.004) and full density (14.25 ± 4.30 vs. 16.57 ± 2.48) p = 0.003. Furthermore, BCVA was positively correlated with central vascular density (R = 0.42 p = 0.004, total R = 0.40, p = 0.006) and inner density (R = 0.44, p = 0.002) in patients with KC but not in controls. Additionally, we found a correlation between K2 and inner vascular density (R = −0.30, p = 0.043) and central epithelium thickness and outer density (R = 0.03, p = 0.046). KC patients had lower macular vascular density and a smaller FAZ than healthy participants. The BCVA in KC patients was correlated with the vascular density.
本研究使用光学相干断层扫描血管造影（OCT-A）对圆锥角膜（KC）患者的血管密度和黄斑无血管区（FAZ）参数进行了调查。纳入了KC患者和健康对照者，并对其进行了最佳矫正视力（BCVA）、角膜曲率测量、眼前节OCT和黄斑OCT-A检查。在70名受试者（平均年龄42.9±15.31岁）中，纳入了79只KC眼和47只健康眼。KC组的FAZ面积显著减小，平均（±标准差）为0.19±0.12 vs. 0.25±0.09mm²，p<0.001。KC患者的中心血管密度低于对照组：6.78±4.74 vs. 8.44±3.33mm⁻¹，p = 0.049；研究组的内层密度也降低（13.64±5.13 vs. 16.54±2.89mm⁻¹，p = 0.002），外层密度（14.71±4.12 vs. 16.88±2.42mm⁻¹，p = 0.004）和全层密度（14.25±4.30 vs. 16.57±2.48）p = 0.003。此外，在KC患者中，BCVA与中心血管密度（R = 0.42，p = 0.004，总R = 0.40，p = 0.006）和内层密度（R = 0.44，p = 0.002）呈正相关，但在对照组中无此相关性。此外，我们发现K2与内层血管密度（R = -0.30，p = 0.043）以及中央上皮厚度与外层密度（R = 0.03，p = 0.046）之间存在相关性。KC患者的黄斑血管密度低于健康参与者，FAZ也较小。KC患者的BCVA与血管密度相关。
