Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome-Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, 00161 Rome, Italy.
Neuroendocrinology, Neuromed Institute, IRCCS, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy.
Nutrients. 2022 May 27;14(11):2234. doi: 10.3390/nu14112234.
Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and a pivotal role in thyroid metabolism. Ensuring a sufficient Se supply is possible via a balanced, wholesome diet; however, Se content in foods may be different throughout geographical areas. Se supplementation is expected to improve inflammatory status in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis, especially in those with high activity, and has been demonstrated as effective in reducing the thyroid peroxidase antibodies titer. Se status seems to affect thyroid function in pregnancy, which prompts the potential role of Se supplementation in such patients. Few clinical trials have investigated the effectiveness of Se supplementation in pregnant women with thyroiditis, and their results suggest the safety and effectiveness of this element in reducing autoantibody levels and preventing postpartum thyroiditis development, although limited. Hence, more robust evidence is needed to confirm these data. The current study aims to summarize published data on the relationship between Se and thyroid status in pregnant women with thyroiditis and the potential use of Se. Moreover, an algorithm for Se supplementation is proposed for pregnant women with thyroiditis to help endocrinologists in daily clinical practice to consider Se status.
硒（Se）是一种必需的微量元素，具有抗氧化和抗炎特性，在甲状腺代谢中起着关键作用。通过均衡、健康的饮食可以确保获得足够的硒供应；然而，不同地理区域的食物中的硒含量可能不同。硒补充剂有望改善自身免疫性甲状腺炎患者的炎症状态，尤其是那些活动水平较高的患者，并且已被证明可有效降低甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体滴度。硒状态似乎会影响妊娠期间的甲状腺功能，这促使人们考虑在这些患者中补充硒。少数临床试验研究了硒补充剂对甲状腺炎孕妇的有效性，其结果表明该元素在降低自身抗体水平和预防产后甲状腺炎发展方面具有安全性和有效性，尽管证据有限。因此，需要更有力的证据来证实这些数据。本研究旨在总结已发表的关于甲状腺炎孕妇硒与甲状腺功能之间关系以及硒的潜在用途的相关数据。此外，还为甲状腺炎孕妇提出了硒补充的算法，以帮助内分泌科医生在日常临床实践中考虑硒状态。
