ETSI Sistemas Informáticos, Dpto. Sistemas Informáticos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28031 Madrid, Spain.
ETSI Telecomunicación, Dpto. Ingeniería de Sistemas Telemáticos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Sensors (Basel). 2022 May 28;22(11):4106. doi: 10.3390/s22114106.
Network Digital Twin (NDT) is a new technology that builds on the concept of Digital Twins (DT) to create a virtual representation of the physical objects of a telecommunications network. NDT bridges physical and virtual spaces to enable coordination and synchronization of physical parts while eliminating the need to directly interact with them. There is broad consensus that Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) are among the key enablers to this technology. In this work, we present B5GEMINI, which is an NDT for 5G and beyond networks that makes an extensive use of AI and ML. First, we present the infrastructural and architectural components that support B5GEMINI. Next, we explore four paradigmatic applications where AI/ML can leverage B5GEMINI for building new AI-powered applications. In addition, we identify the main components of the AI ecosystem of B5GEMINI, outlining emerging research trends and identifying the open challenges that must be solved along the way. Finally, we present two relevant use cases in the application of NDTs with an extensive use of ML. The first use case lays in the cybersecurity domain and proposes the use of B5GEMINI to facilitate the design of ML-based attack detectors and the second addresses the design of energy efficient ML components and introduces the modular development of NDTs adopting the Digital Map concept as a novelty.
网络数字孪生 (NDT) 是一项基于数字孪生 (DT) 概念的新技术，用于创建电信网络物理对象的虚拟表示。NDT 连接物理和虚拟空间，实现物理部件的协调和同步，同时无需直接与之交互。人们广泛认为人工智能 (AI) 和机器学习 (ML) 是这项技术的关键推动因素之一。在这项工作中，我们提出了 B5GEMINI，这是一种用于 5G 及以后网络的 NDT，它广泛使用了 AI 和 ML。首先，我们介绍了支持 B5GEMINI 的基础架构和架构组件。接下来，我们探讨了四个范例应用，其中 AI/ML 可以利用 B5GEMINI 来构建新的 AI 驱动的应用程序。此外，我们确定了 B5GEMINI 的 AI 生态系统的主要组件，概述了新兴的研究趋势，并确定了必须解决的开放挑战。最后，我们提出了两个在 NDT 广泛应用 ML 的相关用例。第一个用例位于网络安全领域，提出利用 B5GEMINI 来促进基于机器学习的攻击探测器的设计，第二个用例则解决了设计节能 ML 组件的问题，并引入了采用数字地图概念作为新颖性的 NDT 模块化开发。
