Sosa-Bibiano Erika I, Sánchez-Martínez Luis A, López-Ávila Karina B, Chablé-Santos Juan B, Torres-Castro Jimmy R, Fernández-Figueroa Edith A, Rangel-Escareño Claudia, Loría-Cervera Elsy N
Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico.
Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Campus Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico.
J Trop Med. 2022 May 31;2022:8392005. doi: 10.1155/2022/8392005. eCollection 2022.
In 2015, emergent cases of localized cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCL) were reported in Tinum, Yucatan, Mexico. As part of an eco-epidemiological study to characterize the elements that trigger infection in that area, we conducted a field study to investigate the occurrence of infection in wild rodents. From November 2019 to February 2020, rodents were caught from three sites located in the municipality of Tinum, Yucatan. For each specimen, clinical signs suggestive of infection were recorded. Samples from the tail, liver, and spleen were taken for the identification of DNA by PCR. Twenty rodents belonging to two species were caught including (55%, 11/20) and (45%, 9/20). Fifty-five percent of the animals presented white spots on the tail, 15% had splenomegaly, and 5% had hepatomegaly. Fifty-five percent (11/20) of the animals were found infected by . was caught in all trapping sites and was the most infected species (63.6%, 7/11). The percentage of infection for . was 44.4% (4/9). () was identified as the infecting species in two . . This study provides, for the first time, evidence of infection in wild rodents from the Yucatan state. and . may be involved in the transmission cycle of . in this emergent focus; however, further longitudinal studies are needed to confirm their role as primary reservoirs.
2015年，墨西哥尤卡坦州蒂努姆市报告了局部皮肤利什曼病（LCL）的突发病例。作为一项生态流行病学研究的一部分，旨在确定该地区引发感染的因素，我们开展了一项实地研究，以调查野生啮齿动物中的感染情况。2019年11月至2020年2月，在尤卡坦州蒂努姆市的三个地点捕获了啮齿动物。对每个标本记录提示感染的临床体征。采集尾巴、肝脏和脾脏样本，通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）鉴定DNA。捕获了属于两个物种的20只啮齿动物，其中（55%，11/20）为 ，（45%，9/20）为 。55%的动物尾巴上有白色斑点，15%有脾肿大，5%有肝肿大。55%（11/20）的动物被 感染。在所有诱捕地点都捕获到了 ，且它是感染最严重的物种（63.6%，7/11）。 的感染率为44.4%（4/9）。在两只 中鉴定出 （ ）为感染物种。本研究首次提供了尤卡坦州野生啮齿动物感染 的证据。 在这个新出现的疫源地可能参与了 的传播循环；然而，需要进一步的纵向研究来证实它们作为主要宿主的作用。
