From the Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia.
the Discipline of Pediatrics, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2022 Nov 1;75(5):556-563. doi: 10.1097/MPG.0000000000003523. Epub 2022 Jun 10.
Infectious esophagitis is the third most common cause of esophagitis after gastroesophageal reflux disease and eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) and should always be considered in the differential of patients with dysphagia and odynophagia. The most common organisms causing disease are candida, Herpes simplex virus (HSV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV). It is well recognized that an impaired local or systemic immune system is a risk factor for disease; however, esophageal dysmotility and disruptions in esophageal homeostasis and the esophageal milieu are likely to represent additional risk factors in disease pathogenesis.
感染性食管炎是继胃食管反流病和嗜酸性粒细胞性食管炎(EoE)之后引起食管炎的第三大常见原因,对于出现吞咽困难和咽痛的患者,应始终考虑该病的鉴别诊断。引起疾病的最常见病原体为念珠菌、单纯疱疹病毒(HSV)和巨细胞病毒(CMV)。人们已经认识到,局部或全身免疫系统受损是疾病的危险因素;然而,食管动力障碍以及食管内环境和稳态的破坏可能是疾病发病机制中的其他危险因素。