Wayne R K, Nash W G, O'Brien S J
Cytogenet Cell Genet. 1987;44(2-3):123-33. doi: 10.1159/000132356.
The Giemsa banding patterns of seven canid species, including the grey wolf (Canis lupus), the maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus), the bush dog (Speothos venaticus), the crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous), the grey fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus), the bat-eared fox (Otocyon megalotis), and the fennec (Fennecus zerda), are presented and compared. Relative to other members of Canidae, these species have high diploid complements (2n greater than 64) consisting of largely acrocentric chromosomes. They show a considerable degree of chromosome homoeology, but relative to the grey wolf, each species is either missing chromosomes or has unique chromosomal additions and rearrangements. Differences in chromosome morphology among the seven species were used to reconstruct their phylogenetic history. The results suggest that the South American canids are closely related to each other and are derived from a wolf-like progenitor. The fennec and the bat-eared fox seem to be recent derivatives of a lineage that branched early from the wolf-like canids and which also includes the grey fox.
本文展示并比较了七种犬科动物的吉姆萨带型，包括灰狼（Canis lupus）、鬃狼（Chrysocyon brachyurus）、薮犬（Speothos venaticus）、食蟹狐（Cerdocyon thous）、灰狐（Urocyon cinereoargenteus）、大耳狐（Otocyon megalotis）和耳廓狐（Fennecus zerda）。相对于犬科的其他成员，这些物种具有较高的二倍体数目（2n大于64），且大多由近端着丝粒染色体组成。它们显示出相当程度的染色体同源性，但相对于灰狼，每个物种要么缺失染色体，要么有独特的染色体增加和重排。利用这七个物种染色体形态的差异来重建它们的系统发育历史。结果表明，南美洲的犬科动物彼此密切相关，并且起源于一种类似狼的祖先。耳廓狐和大耳狐似乎是一个谱系的近期衍生物，该谱系早期从类似狼的犬科动物分支出来，其中还包括灰狐。
