Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.
Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia 'A. Mirri', Palermo, Italy.
Transbound Emerg Dis. 2022 Sep;69(5):e2694-e2705. doi: 10.1111/tbed.14620. Epub 2022 Jun 25.
Some parvoviruses of carnivorans can infect multiple host species. Since many canine parvoviruses were only discovered recently, their host-range is still unexplored. We examined the host distribution and diversity of five dog parvoviruses in four canine populations from Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada, and investigated the potential for these viruses to cross the species barriers. Canine bocavirus 2 (CBoV-2) and the minute virus of canines were detected in stool from free-roaming dogs from Labrador (5/48 [10.4%] and 3/48 [6.3%], respectively) and two different CBoV-2 variants were identified. Canine bufavirus was identified in stool from free-roaming dogs (1/48, 2.1%) and foxes (3/80, 3.8%) from Labrador, but two different variants were observed in the two host species. The variant found in foxes was highly divergent from previously identified strains. Two cachavirus 1 variants, genetically similar to those circulating in other Canadian wildlife, were found in spleens from Newfoundland coyotes (3/87, 3.5%). Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) was found in stool from free-roaming dogs from Labrador (2/48, 4.2%) and in spleens from Newfoundland coyotes (3/87, 3.5%). Comparing CPV-2 sequences from these hosts to those retrieved from local symptomatic domestic dogs revealed the presence of a highly heterogeneous viral population as detected strains belonged to five different clades. The close relationship between CPV-2a strains from a dog and a coyote suggests the occurrence of viral transfer between wild and domestic canids. The identification of highly related strains with a similar molecular signature characteristic of older CPV-2 strains in free-roaming and domestic dogs suggests a probable common ancestry and that older CPV-2 strains, which have not been identified in dogs since the 1990s, persist in this part of Canada. Follow-up studies should evaluate samples from a larger number of animals and host species to extensively investigate the possible occurrence of cross-species transmission for recently discovered parvoviruses.
一些食肉动物细小病毒可以感染多种宿主物种。由于最近才发现许多犬细小病毒，它们的宿主范围仍未得到探索。我们检查了加拿大纽芬兰和拉布拉多省四个犬群中五种犬细小病毒的宿主分布和多样性，并研究了这些病毒跨越物种屏障的潜力。犬细小病毒 2 型（CBoV-2）和犬微小病毒在拉布拉多自由放养犬的粪便中检测到（5/48[10.4%]和 3/48[6.3%]），并鉴定出两种不同的 CBoV-2 变体。犬狨病毒在拉布拉多自由放养犬（1/48，2.1%）和狐狸（3/80，3.8%）的粪便中检测到，但在两种宿主物种中观察到两种不同的变体。在狐狸中发现的变体与先前鉴定的菌株高度不同。两种犬杯状病毒 1 变体，与在其他加拿大野生动物中循环的变体相似，在纽芬兰郊狼的脾脏中发现（3/87，3.5%）。犬细小病毒 2 型（CPV-2）在拉布拉多自由放养犬的粪便中检测到（2/48，4.2%），在纽芬兰郊狼的脾脏中检测到（3/87，3.5%）。将这些宿主的 CPV-2 序列与当地有症状的犬中检索到的序列进行比较，发现存在高度异质的病毒种群，因为检测到的菌株属于五个不同的进化枝。来自犬和郊狼的 CPV-2a 株之间的密切关系表明，野生和家养犬之间存在病毒转移。在自由放养和家养犬中发现与 20 世纪 90 年代以来在犬中未发现的 CPV-2 菌株具有相似分子特征的高度相关菌株，这表明存在可能的共同祖先，并且在加拿大的这一地区，较老的 CPV-2 菌株仍然存在。后续研究应评估来自更多动物和宿主物种的样本，以广泛调查最近发现的细小病毒可能发生的跨物种传播。
