Department of Urology and Paediatric Urology, Regiomed-Klinikum Coburg, Ketschendorfer Str. 33, 96450, Coburg, Germany.
Medical School Regiomed and Academic Hospital of the University of Split, Split, Croatia.
World J Urol. 2022 Aug;40(8):2099-2103. doi: 10.1007/s00345-022-04058-4. Epub 2022 Jun 11.
Seasonal variations in renal colic have been described by many authors for different countries worldwide. In most studies, there was no differentiation with regard to stone composition. Recently, we demonstrated that there was no seasonal variation in renal colic and urine chemistry for calcium oxalate stone formers in Germany. As we have many uric acid stone formers (UASFs) in our region, we were interested in learning the situation of this type of stone.
We studied 286 consecutive UASFs with symptoms of renal colic. We divided them into four groups according to the quarters of the year. For stone analysis, X-ray diffraction/polarizing microscopy was used. Additionally, the following general parameters were examined in all patients: age, BMI, blood pressure, stone frequency, diabetes mellitus; blood: creatinine, glucose, uric acid, calcium, sodium and potassium; urine: pH, volume, calcium, uric acid, citrate, ammonia, and urea. Using the statistical program Prism 5 (GraphPad Software, San Diego, USA), significant differences between the four groups were calculated by the Kruskal-Wallis test.
We observed significantly more UASFs with renal colic in the third and fourth quarters of the year. This is in contrast to our findings in calcium oxalate patients. However, there was no variation in metabolic parameters.
The reasons are unclear; different temperatures are not a sufficient explanation, as one quarter is in the warm season and the other one is in the cold season. Unfortunately, no data have been reported in the literature thus far. Further studies are required to better understand these findings.
许多作者都描述了不同国家的肾绞痛的季节性变化。在大多数研究中，没有对结石成分进行区分。最近，我们证明了在德国，草酸钙结石患者的肾绞痛和尿液化学没有季节性变化。由于我们地区有很多尿酸结石患者（UASFs），我们很想了解这种类型结石的情况。
我们研究了 286 例连续的有肾绞痛症状的 UASFs。我们根据季度将他们分为四组。对于结石分析，使用 X 射线衍射/偏光显微镜。此外，所有患者均检查了以下一般参数：年龄、BMI、血压、结石频率、糖尿病；血液：肌酐、葡萄糖、尿酸、钙、钠和钾；尿液：pH 值、尿量、钙、尿酸、柠檬酸盐、氨和尿素。使用统计程序 Prism 5（GraphPad Software，美国圣地亚哥），通过 Kruskal-Wallis 检验计算四组之间的差异。
我们观察到第三和第四季度有更多患有肾绞痛的 UASFs。这与我们在草酸钙患者中的发现相反。然而，代谢参数没有变化。
原因尚不清楚；不同的温度不是一个充分的解释，因为一个季度处于温暖季节，另一个季度处于寒冷季节。不幸的是，目前文献中没有报道相关数据。需要进一步的研究来更好地理解这些发现。
