Department of Animal Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
Biol Reprod. 2022 Oct 11;107(4):869-880. doi: 10.1093/biolre/ioac121.
Environmental impacts on reproductive function are well documented in humans, yet little information is known about the effects on large animals. The interface of environment and reproduction has evolved prudently with a concerted effort to ensure global food sustainability tightly integrated with the application of technological advances in agriculture production that include nutrient and resource management. Exposure to environmental toxicants through chemical pesticide application and industry practices has coincided with a decline in cattle and human fertility. The increased adoption of agriculture animals for human biomedical models further emphasizes the importance of understanding the consequences of livestock exposure to environmentally and physiologically relevant levels of contaminants to preimplantation embryo development. In addition, increased awareness of paternal contributions to the early embryo that include both genetic and nongenetic factors supports the need to define environmental interactions from gamete to genome. Herein we summarize current knowledge of common environmental contaminants on reproductive function including direct and indirect effects on embryo development success in livestock. Information obtained from a diverse number of species including humans is presented to illustrate gaps in knowledge within livestock directly pertaining to agriculture success, sustainability, clinical practice, and biomedical research.
环境对生殖功能的影响在人类中已有充分的记录，但对于大型动物的影响知之甚少。环境与生殖的接口已经谨慎地发展，共同努力确保全球粮食可持续性与农业生产中技术进步的应用紧密结合，其中包括营养和资源管理。通过化学农药的应用和工业实践接触环境毒物，与牛和人类生育力下降同时发生。农业动物越来越多地被用于人类生物医学模型，这进一步强调了了解家畜接触环境和生理相关水平污染物对植入前胚胎发育的后果的重要性。此外，人们越来越意识到父亲对早期胚胎的贡献，包括遗传和非遗传因素，这支持了从配子到基因组定义环境相互作用的必要性。本文总结了常见环境污染物对生殖功能的影响，包括对家畜胚胎发育成功的直接和间接影响。从包括人类在内的多种物种中获得的信息表明，直接与农业成功、可持续性、临床实践和生物医学研究相关的家畜知识存在差距。
