Vinella Federica Lucia, Odo Chinasa, Lykourentzou Ioanna, Masthoff Judith
Human Centred-Computing, Information and Computing Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
The School of Natural and Computing Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom.
Front Artif Intell. 2022 May 27;5:818491. doi: 10.3389/frai.2022.818491. eCollection 2022.
Critical, time-bounded, and high-stress tasks, like incident response, have often been solved by teams that are cohesive, adaptable, and prepared. Although a fair share of the literature has explored the effect of personality on various other types of teams and tasks, little is known about how it contributes to teamwork when teams of strangers have to cooperate , fast, and efficiently. This study explores the dynamics between 120 crowd participants paired into 60 virtual dyads and their collaboration outcome during the execution of a high-pressure, time-bound task. Results show that the personality trait of Openness to experience may impact team performance with teams with higher minimum levels of Openness more likely to defuse the bomb on time. An analysis of communication patterns suggests that winners made more use of action and response statements. The team role was linked to the individual's preference of certain communication patterns and related to their perception of the collaboration quality. Highly agreeable individuals seemed to cope better with losing, and individuals in teams heterogeneous in Conscientiousness seemed to feel better about collaboration quality. Our results also suggest there may be some impact of gender on performance. As this study was exploratory in nature, follow-on studies are needed to confirm these results. We discuss how these findings can help the development of AI systems to aid the formation and support of crowdsourced remote emergency teams.
关键的、有时间限制的和高压力的任务，如事件响应，通常由有凝聚力、适应性强且有准备的团队来解决。尽管相当一部分文献探讨了个性对其他各类团队和任务的影响，但对于陌生人团队必须快速、高效合作时个性如何促进团队协作却知之甚少。本研究探讨了120名人群参与者配对成60个虚拟二元组之间的动态关系，以及他们在执行高压、有时间限制任务期间的协作成果。结果表明，经验开放性这一个性特质可能会影响团队绩效，最低经验开放性水平较高的团队更有可能按时拆除炸弹。对沟通模式的分析表明，获胜团队更多地使用行动和回应语句。团队角色与个人对某些沟通模式的偏好相关，并与他们对协作质量的感知有关。高度随和的个体似乎更能应对失败，尽责性异质的团队中的个体似乎对协作质量感觉更好。我们的结果还表明性别可能对绩效有一定影响。由于本研究本质上是探索性的，需要后续研究来证实这些结果。我们讨论了这些发现如何有助于人工智能系统的开发，以协助众包远程应急团队的组建和支持。
