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光响应性聚氨酯:光响应基团的分类、光响应反应及其应用。

Light-responsive polyurethanes: classification of light-responsive moieties, light-responsive reactions, and their applications.

作者信息

Lam Ki Yan, Lee Choy Sin, Pichika Mallikarjuna Rao, Cheng Sit Foon, Hang Tan Rachel Yie

机构信息

School of Postgraduate, International Medical University No. 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil 57000 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University No. 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil 57000 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia.

出版信息

RSC Adv. 2022 May 19;12(24):15261-15283. doi: 10.1039/d2ra01506d. eCollection 2022 May 17.

DOI:10.1039/d2ra01506d
PMID:35693222
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9118056/
Abstract

Stimuli responsiveness has been an attractive feature of smart material design, wherein the chemical and physical properties of the material can be varied in response to small environmental change. Polyurethane (PU), a widely used synthetic polymer can be upgraded into a light-responsive smart polymer by introducing a light-sensitive moiety into the polymer matrix. For instance, azobenzene, spiropyran, and coumarin result in reversible light-induced reactions, while -nitrobenzyl can result in irreversible light-induced reactions. These variations of light-stimulus properties endow PU with wide ranges of physical, mechanical, and chemical changes upon exposure to different wavelengths of light. PU responsiveness has rarely been reviewed even though it is known to be one of the most versatile polymers with diverse ranges of applications in household, automotive, electronic, construction, medical, and biomedical industries. This review focuses on the classes of light-responsive moieties used in PU systems, their synthesis, and the response mechanism of light-responsive PU-based materials, which also include dual- or multi-responsive light-responsive PU systems. The advantages and limitations of light-responsive PU are reviewed and challenges in the development of light-responsive PU are discussed.

摘要

刺激响应性一直是智能材料设计的一个吸引人的特性,其中材料的化学和物理性质可以响应微小的环境变化而改变。聚氨酯(PU)是一种广泛使用的合成聚合物,通过将光敏部分引入聚合物基体中,可以将其升级为光响应智能聚合物。例如,偶氮苯、螺吡喃和香豆素会引发可逆的光诱导反应,而对硝基苄基会引发不可逆的光诱导反应。这些光刺激性质的变化使聚氨酯在暴露于不同波长的光时具有广泛的物理、机械和化学变化。尽管聚氨酯是已知用途最广泛的聚合物之一,在家庭、汽车、电子、建筑、医疗和生物医学行业有多种应用,但聚氨酯的响应性很少被综述。本综述重点关注聚氨酯体系中使用的光响应部分的类别、它们的合成以及光响应聚氨酯的响应机制,其中还包括双响应或多响应光响应聚氨酯体系。综述了光响应聚氨酯的优点和局限性,并讨论了光响应聚氨酯开发中的挑战。

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