Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Front Immunol. 2022 May 26;13:893204. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.893204. eCollection 2022.
Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) is a cytosolic pattern recognition receptor that contains two CARD domains, an RNA helicase domain, and a C-terminal domain. RIG-I initiates antiviral innate immunity by recognizing exogenous viral RNAs/DNAs. However, some studies have reported that RIG-I activation leads to damage in various organs and tissues in diverse circumstances. Recent studies have shown that RIG-I is involved in cancer, lupus nephritis, immunoglobulin A nephropathy, Crohn's disease, and atherosclerosis. These reports indicate that RIG-I not only participates in antiviral signaling pathways but also exerts an influence on non-viral infectious diseases. RIG-I is widely expressed in immune and non-immune cells including smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, and cardiomyocytes. A succinct overview of RIG-I and its signaling pathways, with respect to the cardiovascular system, will aid in the development of novel therapeutics for cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we summarize the structure, activation, signaling pathways, and role of RIG-I in cardiovascular diseases.
视黄酸诱导基因 I（RIG-I）是一种胞质模式识别受体，包含两个 CARD 结构域、一个 RNA 解旋酶结构域和一个 C 末端结构域。RIG-I 通过识别外源病毒 RNA/DNA 来启动抗病毒先天免疫。然而，一些研究报道称，RIG-I 的激活会导致各种器官和组织在不同情况下的损伤。最近的研究表明，RIG-I 参与癌症、狼疮性肾炎、免疫球蛋白 A 肾病、克罗恩病和动脉粥样硬化。这些报告表明，RIG-I 不仅参与抗病毒信号通路，还对非病毒感染性疾病产生影响。RIG-I 在包括平滑肌细胞、内皮细胞和心肌细胞在内的免疫和非免疫细胞中广泛表达。简要概述 RIG-I 及其在心血管系统中的信号通路，将有助于开发心血管疾病的新型治疗方法。在这篇综述中，我们总结了 RIG-I 在心血管疾病中的结构、激活、信号通路和作用。
