Olufadewa Isaac Iyinoluwa, Adesina Miracle Ayomikun, Oladele Ruth Ifeoluwa, Ayorinde Toluwase Ayobola
Slum and Rural Health Initiative, Nigeria.
College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
J Migr Health. 2022 May 29;6:100121. doi: 10.1016/j.jmh.2022.100121. eCollection 2022.
Over 3.9 million people have been displaced in Nigeria as a result of the over one-decade-long Boko Haram insurgency and about 2.1 million of this population are internally displaced within the country. Young internally displaced persons (IDPs) are at higher risk of mental illness such as depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among others, however, there are sparse studies on this population. Therefore, this study explored the mental health experiences, challenges, and needed support for young internally displaced persons in Durumi and New Kuchingoro Internally Displaced Persons Camps in Nigeria.
This qualitative study was conducted among young IDPs in Durumi and New Kuchingoro IDP camps in Northern Nigeria. Fourteen (14) focus group discussions comprising 89 participants and 30 in-depth interviews with 30 participants were conducted with young IDPs. The interviews were in Hausa and Pidgin English, audio-recorded, transcribed, translated into English, and applied thematic analysis was done using MAXQDA Analytics Pro 2020.
A total of 89 participants consisting of 47 males and 42 females participated in the FGDs and IDIs. Five key themes emerged from the FGDs and IDI: (1) knowledge about mental health, (2) mental Health Experiences, (3) coping strategies, (4) availability of mental health and other health Support, and (5) needed support. Young IDPs had fair knowledge about mental healthcare. Participants reported their experience before displacement as being peaceful with members of the family together in a good environment while they experienced stress, trauma, shock, sadness, and symptoms of anxiety, depression, and PTSD during and post displacement. Personal coping strategies such as listening to music, engaging in sports, reading books, farming, and other economic activities were reported by participants. Participants reported the absence of structured and specialized mental health support in the IDP camps and solicited mental health, physical health, economic and educational support.
Young IDPs had negative experiences that led to symptoms of mental health disorders such as depression, anxiety disorders, PTSD among others with little or no access to quality mental healthcare. Hence, they require specialized and structured mental health support to lead healthy and productive lives. Policy and programs aimed at increasing access to mental health information and services for forced migrants are recommended.
由于长达十多年的博科圣地叛乱，尼日利亚有超过390万人流离失所，其中约210万人在国内流离失所。年轻的国内流离失所者（IDP）患抑郁症、焦虑症、创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）等精神疾病的风险更高，然而，针对这一人群的研究却很少。因此，本研究探讨了尼日利亚杜鲁米和新库奇戈罗国内流离失所者营地中年轻国内流离失所者的心理健康经历、挑战以及所需的支持。
本定性研究在尼日利亚北部杜鲁米和新库奇戈罗国内流离失所者营地的年轻国内流离失所者中进行。对年轻国内流离失所者进行了14次焦点小组讨论（89名参与者）和30次深度访谈（30名参与者）。访谈采用豪萨语和洋泾浜英语进行，录音、转录、翻译成英语，并使用MAXQDA Analytics Pro 202进行主题分析。
共有89名参与者（47名男性和42名女性）参加了焦点小组讨论和深度访谈。焦点小组讨论和深度访谈中出现了五个关键主题：（1）心理健康知识；（2）心理健康经历；（3）应对策略；（4）心理健康和其他健康支持的可用性；（5）所需的支持。年轻的国内流离失所者对心理保健有一定的了解。参与者报告说，他们流离失所前与家人在良好的环境中相处平静，而在流离失所期间和之后，他们经历了压力、创伤、震惊、悲伤以及焦虑、抑郁和创伤后应激障碍的症状。参与者报告了个人应对策略，如听音乐、参加体育活动、读书、务农和其他经济活动。参与者报告说，国内流离失所者营地缺乏结构化和专门的心理健康支持，并寻求心理健康、身体健康、经济和教育支持。
年轻的国内流离失所者有负面经历，导致出现抑郁症、焦虑症、创伤后应激障碍等心理健康障碍症状，几乎无法获得高质量的心理保健。因此，他们需要专门的结构化心理健康支持，以过上健康和有成效的生活。建议制定旨在增加被迫移民获得心理健康信息和服务机会的政策和方案。
