Department of General Medicine, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.
J Addict Dis. 2023 Apr-Jun;41(2):128-136. doi: 10.1080/10550887.2022.2080627. Epub 2022 Jun 14.
Globally, iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a significant public health problem. Tobacco smoking as a risk factor for anemia is often ignored.
To study the tobacco smoking-associated risk for IDA.
This study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Dehradun, India from January 2019 to December 2020. One hundred ten patients having IDA (serum ferritin < 15 mcg/l) and an equal number of controls were randomly selected and assessed regarding their tobacco smoking status and type, quantity, and duration of tobacco used.
Seventy-six (69.1%) patients with IDA were tobacco smokers and were predominantly males (51cases, 67.1%) and beedi smokers (52 cases, 68.4%). The odds ratios (ORs) for the association of smoking tobacco (cigarette and beedi collectively), cigarette, and beedi with IDA were 7.60 ( < 0.0001), 2.79 ( = 0.01), and 5.68 ( < 0.0001), respectively. OR for developing IDA was more among light smokers (OR = 7.72, < 0.0001) and increased with duration of smoking ( < 0.0001). IDA was not significantly associated with confounding risk factors like malnutrition (OR = 1.00, = 1.00), low socioeconomic status (OR = 0.64, = 0.21), dietary habits (OR = 1.43, = 0.45), and place of residence (OR = 0.93, = 0.88).
Tobacco smoking has a strong association with IDA. Both beedi smoking and cigarette smoking have a significant association with IDA. The risk of IDA is more among light smokers and is duration-dependent.
全球范围内，缺铁性贫血（IDA）是一个严重的公共卫生问题。烟草使用作为贫血的一个风险因素常常被忽视。
研究与缺铁性贫血相关的烟草使用风险。
本研究于 2019 年 1 月至 2020 年 12 月在印度德拉敦的一家三级保健医院进行。随机选择 110 名血清铁蛋白<15μg/l 的缺铁性贫血患者和数量相等的对照者，评估他们的烟草使用状况以及使用烟草的类型、数量和时间。
76 名（69.1%）IDA 患者为烟草使用者，主要为男性（51 例，67.1%）和比迪烟使用者（52 例，68.4%）。吸烟烟草（香烟和比迪烟总和）、香烟和比迪烟与 IDA 之间的比值比（OR）分别为 7.60（<0.0001）、2.79（=0.01）和 5.68（<0.0001）。轻度吸烟者患 IDA 的比值比（OR）更高（OR=7.72，<0.0001），且随着吸烟时间的延长而增加（<0.0001）。IDA 与营养不良（OR=1.00，=1.00）、低社会经济地位（OR=0.64，=0.21）、饮食习惯（OR=1.43，=0.45）和居住地（OR=0.93，=0.88）等混杂危险因素无显著相关性。
烟草使用与 IDA 密切相关。比迪烟和香烟的使用都与 IDA 有显著的关联。IDA 的风险在轻度吸烟者中更高，且与吸烟时间有关。
