The Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, USA.
Mt. Hope Family Center, University of Rochester, USA.
Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2022 Sep;143:105826. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2022.105826. Epub 2022 Jun 8.
Adolescent risk for depression and passive or active suicidal ideation (PASI) involves disturbance across multiple systems (e.g., arousal regulatory, affective valence, neurocognitive). Exposure to maltreatment while growing up as a child or teenager may potentiate this risk by noxiously impacting these systems. However, research exploring how coordinated disturbance across these systems (i.e., profiles) might be uniquely linked to depressogenic function, and how past maltreatment contributes to such disturbance, is lacking. Utilizing a racially diverse, economically disadvantaged sample of adolescent girls, this person-centered study identified psychobiological profiles and linked them to maltreatment histories, as well as current depressive symptoms and PASI. Girls (N = 237, M=13.98, SD=0.85) who were non-depressed/non-maltreated (15.1%), depressed/non-maltreated (40.5%), or depressed/maltreated (44.4%) provided morning saliva samples, completed questionnaires, a clinical interview, and a neurocognitive battery. Latent profile analysis of girls' morning cortisol:C-reactive protein ratio, positive and negative affect levels, and attentional set-shifting ability revealed four profiles. Relative to Normative (66.6%), girls exhibiting a Pro-inflammatory Affective Disturbance (13.1%), Severe Affective Disturbance (10.1%), or Hypercortisol Affective Neurocognitive Disturbance (n = 24, 10.1%) profile reported exposure to a greater number of maltreatment subtypes while growing up. Girls exhibiting these dysregulated profiles were also more likely (relative to Normative) to report current depressive symptoms (all three profiles) and PASI (only Pro-inflammatory Affective Disturbance and Hypercortisol Affective Neurocognitive Disturbance). Of note, girls' cognitive reappraisal utilization moderated profile membership-depression linkages (depressive symptoms, but not PASI). A synthesis of the findings is presented alongside implications for person-centered tailoring of intervention efforts.
青少年抑郁和被动或主动自杀意念（PASI）的风险涉及多个系统（例如，觉醒调节、情感效价、神经认知）的紊乱。儿童或青少年时期遭受虐待可能会通过对这些系统产生有害影响而加剧这种风险。然而，探索这些系统（即特征）之间如何协调紊乱可能与抑郁功能有独特联系，以及过去的虐待如何导致这种紊乱的研究还很缺乏。本研究利用一个种族多样化、经济贫困的青少年女孩样本，采用以个体为中心的方法来识别心理生物学特征，并将其与虐待史以及当前的抑郁症状和 PASI 联系起来。共纳入 237 名年龄在 13.98 岁（标准差=0.85）的女孩，她们分为非抑郁/非受虐组（15.1%）、抑郁/非受虐组（40.5%）和抑郁/受虐组（44.4%）。这些女孩提供了早晨唾液样本，完成了问卷、临床访谈和神经认知测试。对女孩早晨皮质醇：C 反应蛋白比值、正性和负性情绪水平以及注意定势转移能力的潜在特征分析揭示了四种特征。与正常组（66.6%）相比，表现出促炎性情绪障碍（13.1%）、严重情绪障碍（10.1%）或高皮质醇情绪神经认知障碍（n=24，10.1%）的女孩在成长过程中报告了更多的虐待亚型。表现出这些失调特征的女孩也更有可能（相对于正常组）报告当前的抑郁症状（所有三种特征）和 PASI（仅促炎性情绪障碍和高皮质醇情绪神经认知障碍）。值得注意的是，女孩的认知重评利用调节了特征与抑郁的联系（抑郁症状，但不是 PASI）。研究结果与干预措施的个体为中心定制的应用进行了综合。
