School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 227 S Chongqing Rd, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200025, China.
Business School, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
BMC Public Health. 2022 Jun 14;22(1):1182. doi: 10.1186/s12889-022-13567-1.
Rapid mutation of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus is sweeping the world and delaying the full reopening of society. Acceleration of the vaccination process may be the key element in winning the race against this virus. We examine factors associated with personal considerations of and accessibility to the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination in metropolises of China.
This multi-center, cross-sectional research was conducted using online questionnaires from April 1 to June 1, 2021, in community health service centers of Shanghai, Chengdu and Fuzhou. 9,047 vaccinated participants were included and data for 8,990 individuals were eligible for analysis. Chi-square test was conducted to find potential predictors, which were included in the logistic regressions. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the influence of region, socio-economic status (SES), and attitudes on vaccination process.
In consideration phase, participants in Fuzhou (OR:2.26, 95%CI: 1.90 to 2.68) and Chengdu (OR: 2.48, 95%CI: 2.17 to 2.83) were more likely than those in Shanghai to consider longer than one month. These odds increased for participants with master or above degree (reference: illiteracy and primary school), higher monthly household income (reference: < ¥5000), and greater vaccination hesitancy (reference: low hesitancy). Unemployed and household-based participants (OR: 3.37, 95%CI: 1.69 to 6.75, reference: farmer) and participants without brand preference (OR:1.13, 95%CI:1.02 to 1.26) may take longer time of consideration. In the accessibility phase, participants in Fuzhou (OR: 8.82, 95%CI: 7.28 to 10.68) and Chengdu (OR: 2.28, 95%CI: 1.98 to 2.63) were more likely to wait longer than one week. These odds decreased for participants with master or above degree (reference: illiteracy and primary school), monthly household income from ¥5000 to ¥10,000 (reference: < ¥5000), and teacher or student (reference: farmer). Participants without brand preference (OR: 0.86, 95%CI: 0.77 to 0.95) were likely to wait shorter after appointment, while participants with higher risk awareness of domestic epidemic (medium, OR: 1.24, 95%CI: 1.12 to 1.37, reference: low) may wait longer.
The influential factors changed over two phases of vaccination process. Regional disparity affected both consideration and accessibility phases. Expect that, SES, and hesitancy were major factors of the consideration phase, but had limited impact on accessibility phase.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2)病毒的快速突变正在席卷全球，阻碍了社会的全面重新开放。加速疫苗接种进程可能是战胜这种病毒的关键因素。我们研究了与中国大都市人群对 2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19)疫苗接种的个人考虑因素和可及性相关的因素。
本多中心、横断面研究于 2021 年 4 月 1 日至 6 月 1 日在上海、成都和福州的社区卫生服务中心使用在线问卷进行。共纳入 9047 名接种疫苗的参与者，其中 8990 名参与者的数据符合分析条件。采用卡方检验寻找潜在的预测因素，这些因素被纳入逻辑回归。计算优势比 (OR) 和 95%置信区间 (CI) 以评估区域、社会经济地位 (SES) 和态度对疫苗接种过程的影响。
在考虑阶段，与上海相比，福州 (OR：2.26，95%CI：1.90 至 2.68) 和成都 (OR：2.48，95%CI：2.17 至 2.83) 的参与者更有可能考虑超过一个月。对于具有硕士或以上学历的参与者 (参考：文盲和小学)、更高的月家庭收入 (参考：<¥5000) 和更大的疫苗犹豫程度 (参考：低犹豫)，这些几率增加。失业和家庭为基础的参与者 (OR：3.37，95%CI：1.69 至 6.75，参考：农民) 和没有品牌偏好的参与者 (OR：1.13，95%CI：1.02 至 1.26) 可能需要更长的考虑时间。在可及性阶段，与上海相比，福州 (OR：8.82，95%CI：7.28 至 10.68) 和成都 (OR：2.28，95%CI：1.98 至 2.63) 的参与者更有可能等待超过一周。对于具有硕士或以上学历的参与者 (参考：文盲和小学)、月家庭收入为 ¥5000 至 ¥10000 (参考：<¥5000) 和教师或学生 (参考：农民)，这些几率降低。没有品牌偏好的参与者 (OR：0.86，95%CI：0.77 至 0.95) 预约后等待时间可能更短，而国内疫情风险意识较高的参与者 (中危，OR：1.24，95%CI：1.12 至 1.37，参考：低危) 可能等待时间更长。
影响因素在疫苗接种过程的两个阶段都发生了变化。区域差异影响了考虑和可及性两个阶段。预计 SES 和犹豫是考虑阶段的主要因素，但对可及性阶段的影响有限。
