Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, C3M, Nice, France; Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, LP2M, Nice, France.
Computer Technologies Department, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
Cell Rep. 2022 Jun 14;39(11):110949. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110949.
Despite the ubiquitous function of macrophages across the body, the diversity, origin, and function of adrenal gland macrophages remain largely unknown. We define the heterogeneity of adrenal gland immune cells using single-cell RNA sequencing and use genetic models to explore the developmental mechanisms yielding macrophage diversity. We define populations of monocyte-derived and embryonically seeded adrenal gland macrophages and identify a female-specific subset with low major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II expression. In adulthood, monocyte recruitment dominates adrenal gland macrophage maintenance in female mice. Adrenal gland macrophage sub-tissular distribution follows a sex-dimorphic pattern, with MHC class II macrophages located at the cortico-medullary junction. Macrophage sex dimorphism depends on the presence of the cortical X-zone. Adrenal gland macrophage depletion results in altered tissue homeostasis, modulated lipid metabolism, and decreased local aldosterone production during stress exposure. Overall, these data reveal the heterogeneity of adrenal gland macrophages and point toward sex-restricted distribution and functions of these cells.
尽管巨噬细胞在全身普遍存在，但肾上腺巨噬细胞的多样性、起源和功能在很大程度上仍是未知的。我们使用单细胞 RNA 测序来定义肾上腺免疫细胞的异质性，并利用遗传模型来探索产生巨噬细胞多样性的发育机制。我们定义了单核细胞衍生的和胚胎植入的肾上腺巨噬细胞群体，并鉴定出一种具有低主要组织相容性复合体 (MHC) Ⅱ类表达的雌性特异性亚群。在成年期，单核细胞募集主导雌性小鼠肾上腺巨噬细胞的维持。肾上腺巨噬细胞的亚组织分布呈现性别二态模式，MHC Ⅱ类巨噬细胞位于皮质-髓质交界处。巨噬细胞的性别二态性取决于皮质 X 区的存在。肾上腺巨噬细胞耗竭会导致组织内稳态改变、脂质代谢调节以及应激暴露时局部醛固酮产生减少。总的来说，这些数据揭示了肾上腺巨噬细胞的异质性，并指出这些细胞的分布和功能受到性别限制。
