Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Newark, Ohio, USA.
Appl Psychol Health Well Being. 2023 Feb;15(1):293-314. doi: 10.1111/aphw.12380. Epub 2022 Jun 15.
Vaccines are vital to protecting health. However, fear and experiencing vasovagal symptoms (e.g., dizziness) are deterrents to medical procedures. Thus, study aims were to test (1) if vaccine relevant fears predict vasovagal symptoms during or following seasonal influenza vaccination and (2) if vaccine relevant fears and vasovagal symptoms predict seasonal influenza and COVID-19 vaccine uptake. Using a prospective design, 1077 participants recruited online completed surveys during Oct 2019 assessing vaccine relevant fears, and May-June 2020 assessing 2019-2020 seasonal influenza vaccine uptake, ratings of vasovagal symptoms, and seasonal influenza and COVID-19 vaccination intention. A behavioral follow up assessing 2020-2021 seasonal influenza and COVID-19 vaccine uptake took place June-July 2021. Heightened vaccine relevant fears predicted reduced 2019-2020 seasonal influenza vaccine uptake and greater vasovagal symptoms among those who did receive a seasonal influenza vaccine. Serial mediation analyses identified significant indirect effects with greater vaccine relevant fears reducing 2020-2021 seasonal influenza vaccine uptake through intention and reducing COVID-19 vaccine uptake through vasovagal symptoms and intention. Intervention research to reduce fear and prevent vasovagal symptoms to support vaccine uptake is warranted.
疫苗对于保护健康至关重要。然而，对疫苗的恐惧和出现血管迷走性晕厥症状（如头晕）是阻碍医疗程序的因素。因此，本研究旨在测试：(1) 疫苗相关恐惧是否会预测季节性流感疫苗接种期间或之后的血管迷走性晕厥症状；(2) 疫苗相关恐惧和血管迷走性晕厥症状是否会预测季节性流感和 COVID-19 疫苗接种率。采用前瞻性设计，1077 名参与者在线完成了 2019 年 10 月评估疫苗相关恐惧、2020 年 5 月至 6 月评估 2019-2020 年季节性流感疫苗接种率、血管迷走性晕厥症状评分以及季节性流感和 COVID-19 疫苗接种意向的调查。2020 年 6 月至 7 月进行了一项行为随访，评估 2020-2021 年季节性流感和 COVID-19 疫苗接种率。更高的疫苗相关恐惧预测了 2019-2020 年季节性流感疫苗接种率降低，以及那些接种了季节性流感疫苗的人出现更严重的血管迷走性晕厥症状。序列中介分析确定了显著的间接影响，即更高的疫苗相关恐惧通过接种意愿降低了 2020-2021 年季节性流感疫苗接种率，通过血管迷走性晕厥症状和接种意愿降低了 COVID-19 疫苗接种率。有必要进行干预研究以减少恐惧并预防血管迷走性晕厥症状，以支持疫苗接种。
