Suresh Ramya, Shankar S Vijay
Department of Pathology, Adichunchanagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, Mandya, IND.
Cureus. 2022 May 12;14(5):e24953. doi: 10.7759/cureus.24953. eCollection 2022 May.
Tailgut cysts or retrorectal cystic hamartomas are rare, congenital, development lesions arising from the remnants of the hindgut during embryogenesis. It is most often misdiagnosed due to its rarity, variable clinical presentation, and malignant potential. The following report describes an unusual case of a tailgut cyst in a 60-year-old male with a history of a perianal mass for 12 years. Surgical resection was done, and histopathological examination revealed a multiloculated cyst filled with brownish fluid, grossly, and a cyst lined by various epithelia such as stratified squamous epithelium, pseudostratified columnar epithelium, and flattened to cuboidal and mucin-secreting columnar epithelium along with cyst wall made up of bundles of smooth muscles, microscopically. Several lesions mimic a tailgut cyst and need to be excluded from the differentials. Although no malignancy was documented in this case, these cysts have been known to undergo malignant transformation into adenocarcinoma and neuroendocrine carcinoma, to name a few. This warrants a thorough and accurate histopathological assessment and mandatory follow-up.
尾肠囊肿或直肠后囊性错构瘤是罕见的先天性发育性病变，起源于胚胎发育过程中后肠的残余部分。由于其罕见性、临床表现多样以及具有恶变潜能，它常被误诊。以下报告描述了一例不同寻常的病例，一名60岁男性有肛周肿物病史12年，经诊断为尾肠囊肿。进行了手术切除，组织病理学检查显示，大体上为一个充满褐色液体的多房囊肿，镜下可见囊肿内衬有多种上皮，如复层鳞状上皮、假复层柱状上皮、扁平至立方状及分泌黏液的柱状上皮，囊肿壁由束状平滑肌组成。有几种病变类似尾肠囊肿，需要在鉴别诊断中排除。尽管该病例未记录有恶性病变，但已知这些囊肿可恶变为腺癌和神经内分泌癌等。这就需要进行全面准确的组织病理学评估以及必要的随访。
