Liu Hulin, Shi Suling, Gao Jinnan, Guo Jun, Li Min, Wang Linying
Department of Breast Surgery, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, China.
Transl Cancer Res. 2022 May;11(5):1344-1353. doi: 10.21037/tcr-22-193.
The aim of the present study was to explore the risk factors and protective factors related to breast cancer onset in women, but there is still a big debate in this respect. Therefore, it is necessary to systematically review the risk factors induced by breast cancer by using meta methods to guide clinical prevention and treatment.
Studies on factors related to breast cancer onset in Chinese women were retrieved from articles from Chinese, international databases published and organizations and websites, and registers from January 2014 to January 2021. Articles were independently screened, extracted, and evaluated for quality by 2 researchers. The Cochrane Collaboration Center provided Review Manger 5.2 software [Cochrane Information Management System (IMS)] for statistical analysis, and the risk ratio of dichotic variables was adopted.
History of benign breast disease [odds ratio (OR) 1.03, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.95-1.12, P=0.42], family history of breast cancer (OR: 2.02, 95% CI: 1.83-2.23, P<0.00001), menopause onset >50 years of age (OR: 1.78, 95% CI: 1.62-1.95, P<0.00001), and use of oral contraceptives (OR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.02-1.32, P=0.02) were found to be breast cancer risk factors. The number of term pregnancies (OR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.66-0.97, P=0.03) and breastfeeding (OR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.74-0.96, P=0.01) were found to be protective factors for breast cancer.
In order to control the occurrence of breast cancer, effective measures should be taken to effectively avoid related risk factors, and breastfeeding and high-risk population screening should be advocated.
本研究旨在探讨女性乳腺癌发病的危险因素和保护因素，但在这方面仍存在很大争议。因此，有必要采用Meta方法对乳腺癌诱发的危险因素进行系统评价，以指导临床防治。
检索2014年1月至2021年1月期间发表的中文、国际数据库文章、组织和网站以及登记处中有关中国女性乳腺癌发病相关因素的研究。由2名研究人员独立筛选、提取并评估文章质量。Cochrane协作中心提供Review Manger 5.2软件[Cochrane信息管理系统（IMS）]进行统计分析，采用二分类变量的风险比。
发现乳腺良性疾病史[比值比（OR）1.03，95%置信区间（CI）：0.95-1.12，P=0.42]、乳腺癌家族史（OR：2.02，95%CI：1.83-2.23，P<0.00001）、绝经年龄>50岁（OR：1.78，95%CI：1.62-1.95，P<0.00001）以及使用口服避孕药（OR：1.16，95%CI：1.02-1.32，P=0.02）是乳腺癌的危险因素。足月妊娠次数（OR：0.80，95%CI：0.66-0.97，P=0.03）和母乳喂养（OR：0.84，95%CI：0.74-0.96，P=0.01）是乳腺癌的保护因素。
为控制乳腺癌的发生，应采取有效措施有效避免相关危险因素，提倡母乳喂养和高危人群筛查。
