Mohammadi Mohammad, Mirzaei Masoud, Fallahzadeh Hossien, Sakhaei Roya, Abolhosseini Hossein, Nadjarzadeh Azadeh, Salehi-Abargouei Amin
Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Int J Prev Med. 2022 Apr 8;13:57. doi: 10.4103/ijpvm.IJPVM_119_2. eCollection 2022.
Little observational studies have been conducted on the association between diet and sleep. We conducted a cross-sectional study to evaluate the associations of dietary patterns with sleep duration in an Iranian population.
This study was conducted on the baseline data of two population-based Iranian cohorts: the YaHS-TAMYS and Shahedieh studies. Dietary intakes were assessed in 10451 Yazdi people aged 20-75 years. Dietary habits were derived from answers to a food frequency questionnaire, and a factor analysis using principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify dietary patterns. The reported sleep duration was categorized as short (<6 h), normal (6-8 h) or long (>8 h). Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the relationship between dietary patterns and the odds of short and long sleep duration.
Four major dietary patterns were identified: "healthy," "western," "traditional," and "high-carbohydrate, high-fat." In the Shahedieh study, participants in the top quartile of the western dietary pattern had greater odds of short (<6 h) and long (>8 h) sleep duration (OR = 1.49; 95% CI: 1.17, 1.90; trend <0.001 and OR = 1.46; 95% CI: 1.12, 1.90; trend = 0.014, respectively) than those in the bottom quartile. Also, participants in the highest quartile of the high-carbohydrate, high-fat pattern had higher odds of long sleep duration compared with those in the lowest quartile (OR = 1.36; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.75; trend = 0.005). Pooling the two studies revealed that the western dietary pattern was significantly associated with short sleep duration (OR = 1.31; 95% CI: 1.08, 1.59).
The western dietary pattern might inversely be associated with sleep duration. Future prospective studies are recommended to confirm these results.
关于饮食与睡眠之间关联的观察性研究较少。我们开展了一项横断面研究，以评估伊朗人群中饮食模式与睡眠时间的关联。
本研究基于两项伊朗人群队列的基线数据进行：雅兹德健康老龄化与衰老分子机制研究（YaHS-TAMYS）和沙赫迪耶研究。对10451名年龄在20至75岁的雅兹德人进行了饮食摄入量评估。饮食习惯通过食物频率问卷的回答得出，并采用主成分分析（PCA）进行因子分析以确定饮食模式。报告的睡眠时间分为短（<6小时）、正常（6至8小时）或长（>8小时）。采用多变量逻辑回归来确定饮食模式与短睡眠时间和长睡眠时间几率之间的关系。
确定了四种主要饮食模式：“健康型”、“西方型”、“传统型”和“高碳水化合物、高脂肪型”。在沙赫迪耶研究中，西方饮食模式处于最高四分位数的参与者短睡眠（<6小时）和长睡眠（>8小时）的几率高于处于最低四分位数的参与者（OR = 1.49；95% CI：1.17，1.90；趋势<0.001和OR = 1.46；95% CI：1.12，1.90；趋势 = 0.014）。此外，高碳水化合物、高脂肪模式处于最高四分位数的参与者长睡眠时间的几率高于处于最低四分位数的参与者（OR = 1.36；95% CI：1.05，1.75；趋势 = 0.005）。两项研究合并后显示，西方饮食模式与短睡眠时间显著相关（OR = 1.31；95% CI：1.08，1.59）。
西方饮食模式可能与睡眠时间呈负相关。建议未来进行前瞻性研究以证实这些结果。
