Carrion-Alvarez Diego, Trejo-Castro Alejandro I, Salas-Garza Mauricio, Fajardo-Ramirez Oscar Raul, Salas-Alanis Julio Cesar
Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa Research Association, Guadalupe, Mexico.
Basic Science Department, School of Health Sciences, Universidad de Monterrey, San Pedro Garza García, Mexico.
Skin Appendage Disord. 2022 May;8(3):179-185. doi: 10.1159/000520648. Epub 2022 Jan 3.
Hematohidrosis and hemolacria are 2 conditions surrounded in religiousness, mysticism, and supernatural superstitions. While the mechanism is still unclear, these cases have amazed physicians for centuries.
We performed a systematic review in PubMed from 2000 to mid-2021 accounting for 75 studies from which we included 60 cases in 53 articles which were described.
The median age of apparition was 24 years with the youngest case being 12 and the oldest 81. Some of the diseases were secondary to other causes such as hemangiomas and other neoplasias or epistaxis episodes. Most of the cases have been reported in India and the USA; most of them correspond to hemolacria alone (51.6%).
We have stated the basics of the substances involved in the coagulation process that have been described as genetically altered in some patients such as mucins, metalloproteinases, and fibrinogen, as well as propose a mechanism that can explain the signs of this particular entity and approach to its treatment as well as provide the first trichoscopy image of a patient with hemolacria.
血汗症和血性泪液症是笼罩在宗教、神秘主义和超自然迷信中的两种病症。尽管其发病机制尚不清楚，但几个世纪以来这些病例一直令医生们感到惊奇。
我们在PubMed上进行了一项系统综述，涵盖2000年至2021年年中期间的75项研究，其中我们纳入了53篇文章中描述的60个病例。
出现症状的中位年龄为24岁，最年轻的病例为12岁，最年长的为81岁。部分疾病继发于其他病因，如血管瘤和其他肿瘤或鼻出血发作。大多数病例报告来自印度和美国；其中大多数仅为血性泪液症（51.6%）。
我们阐述了在凝血过程中涉及的物质的基础知识，这些物质在一些患者中被描述为基因改变，如粘蛋白、金属蛋白酶和纤维蛋白原，同时提出了一种机制，该机制可以解释这一特殊病症的症状及其治疗方法，并提供了首例血性泪液症患者的皮肤镜图像。
