Edenbrandt Anna Kristina, Ewers Bettina, Storgaard Heidi, Smed Sinne
Department of Economics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala750 07Sweden.
University of Copenhagen, Department of Food and Resource Economics, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Public Health Nutr. 2022 Jun 17;25(10):1-12. doi: 10.1017/S1368980022001409.
The study explores whether type 2 diabetes (T2D) diagnosis affects food consumption patterns in line with the dietary recommendations provided to individuals in relation to a diagnosis.
Based on detailed food purchase data, we explore which dietary changes are most common following a T2D diagnosis. Changes are investigated for several energy-adjusted nutrients and food groups and overall adherence to dietary guidelines.
We use data on diagnosis of T2D and hospitalisation in relation to T2D for a sample of adult Danes registered in the official patient register. This is combined with detailed scanner data on food purchases, which are used as a proxy for dietary intake.
We included 274 individuals in Denmark who are diagnosed during their participation in a consumer panel where they report their food purchases and 16 395 individuals who are not diagnosed.
Results suggest some changes in dietary composition following diagnosis, as measured by a Healthy Eating Index and for specific food groups and nutrients, although the long-term effects are limited. Socio-economic characteristics are poor predictors of dietary changes following diagnosis. Change in diet following diagnosis vary with the pre-diagnosis consumption patterns, where individuals with relatively unhealthy overall diets prior to diagnosis improve overall healthiness more compared to individuals with relatively healthy diets prior to diagnosis.
Adherence to dietary advice is low, on average, but there is large variation in behavioural change between the diagnosed individuals. Our results stress the difficulty for diagnosed individuals to shift dietary habits, particularly in the long term.
本研究探讨2型糖尿病（T2D）诊断是否会根据针对个体诊断所提供的饮食建议来影响食物消费模式。
基于详细的食物购买数据，我们探究T2D诊断后最常见的饮食变化。对几种能量调整营养素、食物组以及对饮食指南的总体遵循情况的变化进行调查。
我们使用在官方患者登记册中登记的成年丹麦人样本的T2D诊断及与T2D相关的住院数据。这与详细的食物购买扫描仪数据相结合，该数据用作饮食摄入量的替代指标。
我们纳入了丹麦274名在参与消费者小组期间被诊断出患有T2D的个体，他们报告自己的食物购买情况，以及16395名未被诊断出的个体。
结果表明，通过健康饮食指数以及特定食物组和营养素衡量，诊断后饮食组成有一些变化，尽管长期影响有限。社会经济特征对诊断后饮食变化的预测能力较差。诊断后的饮食变化因诊断前的消费模式而异，与诊断前总体饮食相对健康的个体相比，诊断前总体饮食相对不健康的个体在整体健康程度上改善更多。
平均而言，对饮食建议的遵循程度较低，但已诊断个体之间的行为变化存在很大差异。我们的结果强调了已诊断个体改变饮食习惯的困难，尤其是从长期来看。
