Nakamura Masatoshi, Suzuki Yusuke, Yoshida Riku, Kasahara Kazuki, Murakami Yuta, Hirono Tetsuya, Nishishita Satoru, Takeuchi Kosuke, Konrad Andreas
Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Nishi Kyushu University, Kanzaki, Japan.
Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan.
Front Physiol. 2022 Jun 2;13:917661. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2022.917661. eCollection 2022.
Previous studies have shown that longer-duration static stretching (SS) interventions can cause a decrease in muscle strength, especially explosive muscle strength. Furthermore, force steadiness is an important aspect of muscle force control, which should also be considered. However, the time course of the changes in these variables after an SS intervention remains unclear. Nevertheless, this information is essential for athletes and coaches to establish optimal warm-up routines. The aim of this study was to investigate the time course of changes in knee flexion range of motion (ROM), maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC), rate of force development (RFD), and force steadiness (at 5 and 20% of MVIC) after three 60-s SS interventions. Study participants were sedentary healthy adult volunteers ( = 20) who performed three 60-s SS interventions of the knee extensors, where these variables were measured before and after SS intervention at three different periods, i.e., immediately after, 10 min, and 20 min the SS intervention (crossover design). The results showed an increase in ROM at all time points (d = 0.86-1.01). MVIC was decreased immediately after the SS intervention (d = -0.30), but MVIC showed a recovery trend for both 10 min (d = -0.17) and 20 min (d = -0.20) after the SS intervention. However, there were significant impairments in RFD at 100 m ( = 0.014, F = 6.37, η = 0.101) and 200 m ( < 0.01, F = 28.0, η = 0.33) up to 20 min after the SS intervention. Similarly, there were significant impairments in force steadiness of 5% ( < 0.01, F = 16.2, η = 0.221) and 20% MVIC ( < 0.01, F = 16.0, η = 0.219) at 20 min after the SS intervention. Therefore, it is concluded that three 60-s SS interventions could increase knee flexion ROM but impair explosive muscle strength and muscle control function until 20 min after the SS intervention.
以往研究表明，较长时间的静态拉伸（SS）干预会导致肌肉力量下降，尤其是爆发力。此外，力量稳定性是肌肉力量控制的一个重要方面，也应予以考虑。然而，SS干预后这些变量变化的时间进程仍不清楚。尽管如此，这些信息对于运动员和教练制定最佳热身方案至关重要。本研究的目的是调查三次60秒SS干预后膝关节屈曲活动范围（ROM）、最大自主等长收缩（MVIC）、力量发展速率（RFD）和力量稳定性（在MVIC的5%和20%时）变化的时间进程。研究参与者为久坐不动的健康成年志愿者（n = 20），他们对膝关节伸肌进行了三次60秒的SS干预，在SS干预后的三个不同时间段，即干预后即刻、10分钟和20分钟，对这些变量进行测量（交叉设计）。结果显示，在所有时间点ROM均增加（d = 0.86 - 1.01）。SS干预后即刻MVIC下降（d = -0.30），但在SS干预后10分钟（d = -0.17）和20分钟（d = -0.20）MVIC均呈现恢复趋势。然而，在SS干预后长达20分钟时，100毫秒（p = 0.014，F = 6.37，η² = 0.101）和200毫秒（p < 0.01，F = 28.0，η² = 0.33）时的RFD存在显著损害。同样，在SS干预后20分钟时，5%MVIC（p < 0.01，F = 16.2，η² = 0.221）和20%MVIC（p < 0.01，F = 16.0，η² = 0.219）的力量稳定性存在显著损害。因此，得出结论：三次60秒的SS干预可增加膝关节屈曲ROM，但在SS干预后20分钟内会损害爆发力和肌肉控制功能。
