Department of Environmental Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Shimane, Japan.
Sankyo Holdings Co., Ltd, Fuji, Shizuoka, Japan.
Food Funct. 2022 Jul 4;13(13):7226-7239. doi: 10.1039/d2fo00723a.
We have shown that extract improves learning and memory in a senescence-accelerated mouse model, and that α-linolenic acid (ALA)-rich seed oil (PO) improves brain function in healthy Japanese adults and elderly individuals. Herein, we present a 12-month, randomised, double-blind, parallel-armed intervention trial examining the effects of PO supplementation alone or in combination with leaf powder on brain function in healthy elderly Japanese individuals. Participants were randomly divided into two groups: the PO group received 1.47 mL PO (0.88 g ALA) daily soft gelatine capsules, and the POAC group received 1.47 mL PO and 1.12 g leaf powder (1.46 mg vitexin and 1.12 mg adenosine) daily. After 12 months of intervention, the POAC group showed generally higher cognitive index scores than the PO group. The beneficial effects of combined supplementation on cognitive function were associated with increased ALA and eicosapentaenoic acid levels in red blood cell plasma membranes, increased serum biological antioxidant potential, and decreased serum triglyceride, glucose, and -(epsilon)-carboxymethyl-lysine (CML), an advanced glycation end-product and biochemical marker of oxidative stress levels. The effects of combined supplementation on cognitive function also showed a significant negative correlation with serum CML levels after 12 months of intervention. Our findings suggest that combined long-term supplementation with PO and more effectively ameliorates age-related cognitive decline than PO alone. These findings may serve as a basis for the development of new supplements for brain health. Clinical Trial Registry, UMIN000040863.
我们已经证明，提取物可改善衰老加速小鼠模型的学习和记忆能力，富含α-亚麻酸（ALA）的种子油（PO）可改善健康的日本成年人和老年人的大脑功能。在此，我们提出了一项为期 12 个月、随机、双盲、平行臂干预试验，研究了 PO 单独补充或与叶粉联合补充对健康老年日本个体大脑功能的影响。参与者被随机分为两组：PO 组每天服用 1.47 毫升 PO（0.88 克 ALA）软胶囊，POAC 组每天服用 1.47 毫升 PO 和 1.12 克叶粉（1.46 毫克牡荆素和 1.12 毫克腺苷）。干预 12 个月后，POAC 组的认知指数评分普遍高于 PO 组。联合补充对认知功能的有益影响与红细胞质膜中 ALA 和二十碳五烯酸水平的升高、血清生物抗氧化能力的升高以及血清甘油三酯、葡萄糖和 -（epsilon）-羧甲基赖氨酸（CML）的降低有关，CML 是一种高级糖基化终产物和氧化应激水平的生化标志物。联合补充对认知功能的影响在干预 12 个月后也与血清 CML 水平呈显著负相关。我们的研究结果表明，长期联合补充 PO 和可能比单独补充 PO 更有效地改善与年龄相关的认知能力下降。这些发现可能为开发新的大脑健康补充剂提供依据。临床试验注册，UMIN000040863。
