Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
Tumori. 2023 Feb;109(1):19-27. doi: 10.1177/03008916221084740. Epub 2022 Jun 19.
In recent years, the influence of nutrition on the health and growth of children has become increasingly important. The relevance of nutrition is even greater for children who are facing cancer. Malnutrition, within the context of undernutrition and overnutrition, may impact not only the effectiveness of treatments and outcomes, but also the quality of life for patients and their families. In this article, we review nutritional assessment methods for children with cancer, focusing on the specific characteristics of this population and analyze the efficacy of nutritional interventions, which include enteral, parenteral, and nutritional education. From our analysis, two important conclusions emerged: i) there is a need to focus our attention on the nutritional status and the body composition of oncologic children, since these factors have a relevant impact on clinical outcomes during treatment as well as after their conclusion; ii) the support of skilled clinical nutrition personnel would be extremely helpful for the global management of these patients.
近年来，营养对儿童健康和成长的影响变得越来越重要。对于面临癌症的儿童来说，营养的相关性更为重要。营养不良（包括营养不足和营养过剩）不仅可能影响治疗效果和结果，还可能影响患者及其家属的生活质量。本文综述了癌症儿童的营养评估方法，重点关注该人群的特定特征，并分析了营养干预措施的疗效，包括肠内、肠外和营养教育。通过分析，得出两个重要结论：i）需要关注肿瘤儿童的营养状况和身体成分，因为这些因素对治疗期间和治疗结束后的临床结果有重要影响；ii）熟练的临床营养人员的支持对这些患者的全球管理将非常有帮助。
