Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology (MPI-MP), Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.
University of Potsdam, Department Molecular Biology, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, Haus 20, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.
Sci Data. 2022 Jun 20;9(1):323. doi: 10.1038/s41597-022-01399-y.
Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is an herbaceous annual crop of the amaranth family (Amaranthaceae). It is increasingly cultivated for its nutritious grains, which are rich in protein and essential amino acids, lipids, and minerals. Quinoa exhibits a high tolerance towards various abiotic stresses including drought and salinity, which supports its agricultural cultivation under climate change conditions. The use of quinoa grains is compromised by anti-nutritional saponins, a terpenoid class of secondary metabolites deposited in the seed coat; their removal before consumption requires extensive washing, an economically and environmentally unfavorable process; or their accumulation can be reduced through breeding. In this study, we analyzed the seed metabolomes, including amino acids, fatty acids, and saponins, from 471 quinoa cultivars, including two related species, by liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry. Additionally, we determined a large number of agronomic traits including biomass, flowering time, and seed yield. The results revealed considerable diversity between genotypes and provide a knowledge base for future breeding or genome editing of quinoa.
藜麦（Chenopodium quinoa Willd.）是藜科的一种一年生草本植物。由于其富含蛋白质和必需氨基酸、脂类和矿物质的营养谷物，藜麦的种植量正在逐渐增加。藜麦对各种非生物胁迫（包括干旱和盐度）具有很强的耐受性，这支持了在气候变化条件下对其进行农业种植。然而，藜麦种子中存在的抗营养性皂角苷（一种萜类次生代谢物）会影响其食用，在食用前需要进行大量的清洗，这是一个经济和环境上都不利的过程；或者可以通过选育来减少其积累。在这项研究中，我们通过液相色谱-质谱法分析了 471 个藜麦品种（包括两个相关种）的种子代谢组，包括氨基酸、脂肪酸和皂角苷。此外，我们还测定了大量的农艺性状，包括生物量、开花时间和种子产量。结果表明基因型之间存在显著差异，为藜麦的未来选育或基因组编辑提供了一个知识库。
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