Grose E C, Richards J H, Jaskot R H, Ménache M G, Graham J A, Dauterman W C
J Toxicol Environ Health. 1987;21(1-2):219-32. doi: 10.1080/15287398709531014.
The effects of aerosols of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) and cadmium oxide (CdO) on pulmonary biochemical function were compared. Rats and rabbits were exposed to 0.25, 0.45, or 4.5 mg Cd/m3 for 2 h. Pulmonary toxicity was determined histologically and biochemically. Cadmium chloride and CdO showed a deposition response that was linearly related to the chamber concentration. Both compounds caused multifocal, interstitial pneumonitis 72 h after exposure, but the CdO lesion was more severe with proliferation of fibrocytic-like cells as well as pneumocytes. Comparing the two Cd compounds at the highest concentration (4.5 mg Cd/m3), the biochemical responses in the rat were similar. The majority of the effects occurred 72 h after exposure, with significant increases in lung weight, lung-to-body weight ratio, GSH reductase, GSH transferase, and G-6-PDH. However, GSH peroxidase was inhibited immediately after the CdO exposure. Cadmium oxide-related alterations in the parameters studied could easily be distinguished from those of CdCl2 at the exposure concentration of 0.45 mg Cd/m3. The response pattern in the rabbit resembled that of the rat. In both species Cd had a consistent inhibitory effect on pulmonary GSH peroxidase, even at the lowest concentration of 0.25 mg Cd/m3. Based on these findings, inhaled CdO appeared to be more toxic to the lung than inhaled CdCl2.
比较了氯化镉（CdCl₂）和气态氧化镉（CdO）气溶胶对肺生化功能的影响。将大鼠和兔子暴露于0.25、0.45或4.5 mg Cd/m³的环境中2小时。通过组织学和生化方法测定肺毒性。氯化镉和CdO表现出与舱内浓度呈线性相关的沉积反应。两种化合物在暴露72小时后均引起多灶性间质性肺炎，但CdO损伤更严重，伴有纤维样细胞和肺细胞的增殖。在最高浓度（4.5 mg Cd/m³）下比较两种镉化合物时，大鼠的生化反应相似。大多数影响在暴露72小时后出现，肺重量、肺与体重比、谷胱甘肽还原酶、谷胱甘肽转移酶和葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶显著增加。然而，暴露于CdO后谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶立即受到抑制。在暴露浓度为0.45 mg Cd/m³时，所研究参数中与氧化镉相关的变化很容易与氯化镉的变化区分开来。兔子的反应模式与大鼠相似。在两个物种中，即使在最低浓度0.25 mg Cd/m³时，镉对肺谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶也有一致的抑制作用。基于这些发现，吸入CdO似乎比吸入CdCl₂对肺毒性更大。
