Glaser U, Klöppel H, Hochrainer D
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 1986 Jun;11(3):261-71. doi: 10.1016/0147-6513(86)90100-4.
In a thirty-day inhalation study male Wistar rats were continuously exposed to submicron aerosols of three different cadmium compounds. The cadmium chloride (CdCl2) and cadmium oxide (CdO) aerosol concentrations were 0.1 mg/m3 Cd. Because of its lower solubility the cadmium sulfide (CdS) level was 1 mg/m3 Cd. For CdCl2 and CdO, most of the cadmium was found in the lung cytosolic compartment, but for CdS only 30% of the cadmium was retrieved from the lung cytosols. This was observed both at the end of the inhalation and also after an additional 2-month period in fresh air. The cadmium contents of the lung homogenates, cytosols, and the lung cytosolic metallothionein were found to be twice as much for exposure to CdO than for exposure to CdCl2. For exposure to CdS at cadmium concentrations 10 times higher the same cadmium levels were found as for CdO. These results are confirmed by results from alveolar lavage analysis indicating that in the lung-inhaled CdO is even more available to lung tissue than the very soluble CdCl2, and CdO has an availability 10 times as much as CdS. This study proved that lung compartmental cadmium and metallothionein contents as well as lung lavage analysis can describe the bioavailability of inhaled cadmium.
在一项为期30天的吸入研究中，雄性Wistar大鼠持续暴露于三种不同镉化合物的亚微米气溶胶中。氯化镉（CdCl2）和气态氧化镉（CdO）的气溶胶浓度为0.1 mg/m3镉。由于硫化镉（CdS）的溶解度较低，其浓度为1 mg/m3镉。对于CdCl2和CdO，大部分镉存在于肺胞质部分，但对于CdS，仅30%的镉可从肺胞质溶胶中回收。在吸入结束时以及在新鲜空气中额外放置2个月后均观察到这种情况。发现肺匀浆、胞质溶胶和肺胞质金属硫蛋白中的镉含量，暴露于CdO时是暴露于CdCl2时的两倍。对于暴露于镉浓度高10倍的CdS，发现其镉含量与CdO相同。肺泡灌洗分析结果证实了这些结果，表明在肺中，吸入的CdO对肺组织的可用性甚至比极易溶解的CdCl2还要高，且CdO的可用性是CdS的10倍。这项研究证明，肺镉分区和金属硫蛋白含量以及肺灌洗分析可以描述吸入镉的生物利用度。
