Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK
Institute - European Observatory of Health Inequalities, Calisia University, Kalisz, Poland.
BMJ Open. 2022 Jun 22;12(6):e054029. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-054029.
Understanding changes in moderate to vigorous aerobic physical activity (MVPA) and muscle-strengthening activity (MSA) at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic and their correlates (socio-demographics, health characteristics, living and exercise conditions and pre-pandemic MVPA/MSA) can inform interventions.
A cross-sectional analysis of retrospective and concurrent data on MVPA/MSA.
An online survey in the UK.
2657 adults (weighted n=2442, 53.6% women) participating in the baseline survey (29 April 2020-14 June 2020) of the HEalth BEhaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic (HEBECO) study.
Meeting WHO-recommended levels for MVPA/MSA/both (vs meeting neither) during the first lockdown and changes in MVPA/MSA from before to since the COVID-19 pandemic following stratification for pre-pandemic MVPA/MSA.
A third of adults maintained (30.4%), decreased (36.2%) or increased (33.4%) MVPA. For MSA, the percentages were 61.6%, 18.2% and 20.2%, respectively. MVPA increased or decreased by an average of 150 min/week and 219 min/week, respectively, and MSA by 2 days/week. Meeting both MSA+MVPA recommendations since COVID-19 (vs meeting neither) was positively associated with meeting MVPA+MSA before COVID-19 (adjusted OR (aOR)=16.11, 95% CI 11.24 to 23.07) and education: post-16 years of age (aOR=1.57, 95% CI 1.14 to 2.17), and negatively associated with having obesity (aOR=0.49, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.73), older age (65+ years vs ≤34 years; aOR=0.53, 95% CI 0.32 to 0.87) and annual household income of <50 000 GBP (aOR=0.65, 95% CI 0.46 to 0.91). The odds for decreasing MVPA were lower for white ethnicity (aOR=0.62, 95% CI 0.44 to 0.86), education: post-16 years of age (aOR=0.73, 95% CI 0.58 to 0.91) and access to garden/balcony (aOR=0.75, 95% CI 0.60 to 0.94), and were higher for those living in total isolation (aOR=3.81, 95% CI 2.33 to 6.23), with deteriorated psychological well-being (aOR=1.40, 95% CI 1.15 to 1.71) and conditions limiting physical activity (aOR=1.74, 95% CI 1.27 to 2.39). The odds for decreasing MSA were higher for having overweight (aOR=1.88, 95% CI 1.39 to 2.55), obesity (aOR=23.38, 95% CI 2.23 to 5.14) and being employed (aOR=1.81, 95% CI 1.34 to 2.46).
Aerobic and strength training were differently impacted during the first UK lockdown, with poorer outcomes associated with older age, lower education and higher body mass index. Targeted interventions may be required to avoid pandemic-related inequities in physical activity.
了解 COVID-19 大流行开始时中等到剧烈有氧运动（MVPA）和肌肉强化活动（MSA）的变化及其相关因素（社会人口统计学特征、健康特征、生活和运动条件以及大流行前的 MVPA/MSA），这可为干预措施提供信息。
对回顾性和同期 MVPA/MSA 数据进行的横断面分析。
英国的在线调查。
2657 名成年人（加权 n=2442，53.6%为女性）参加了 COVID-19 大流行期间健康行为（HEBECO）研究的基线调查（2020 年 4 月 29 日至 6 月 14 日）。
在第一次封锁期间，符合世卫组织推荐的 MVPA/MSA/两者（而不是两者都不符合）的成年人比例为 30.4%，而在 COVID-19 大流行后，MVPA/MSA 分别为 36.2%和 33.4%。对于 MSA，百分比分别为 61.6%、18.2%和 20.2%。MVPA 每周增加或减少 150 分钟，MSA 每周增加或减少 219 分钟，而符合 COVID-19 前后 MSA+MVPA 建议的人（与两者都不符合的人相比）与符合 COVID-19 前后 MSA+MVPA 建议的人（与两者都不符合的人相比）正相关，与 COVID-19 前接受过 16 岁以上教育（调整后的比值比[aOR]=16.11，95%CI 11.24-23.07）和更高的教育程度呈正相关，与肥胖（aOR=0.49，95%CI 0.33-0.73）呈负相关，与年龄较大（65 岁及以上与≤34 岁；aOR=0.53，95%CI 0.32-0.87）和年收入低于 50000 英镑（aOR=0.65，95%CI 0.46-0.91）有关。与白种人（aOR=0.62，95%CI 0.44-0.86）、接受过 16 岁以上教育（aOR=0.73，95%CI 0.58-0.91）和有花园/阳台（aOR=0.75，95%CI 0.60-0.94）的人相比，减少 MVPA 的可能性较低，而与完全隔离的人（aOR=3.81，95%CI 2.33-6.23）、心理健康恶化（aOR=1.40，95%CI 1.15-1.71）和限制体力活动的条件（aOR=1.74，95%CI 1.27-2.39）的人相比，减少 MSA 的可能性较高。超重（aOR=1.88，95%CI 1.39-2.55）、肥胖（aOR=23.38，95%CI 2.23-5.14）和就业（aOR=1.81，95%CI 1.34-2.46）的人减少 MSA 的可能性更高。
在英国第一次封锁期间，有氧运动和力量训练受到不同程度的影响，与年龄较大、教育程度较低和体重指数较高相关的结果较差。可能需要采取有针对性的干预措施，以避免大流行期间体力活动方面的不平等。
