Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, 38152, USA.
Center for Biodiversity Research, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, 38152, USA.
Sci Rep. 2022 Jun 22;12(1):10536. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-13914-7.
Snow algae blooms and associated microbial communities play large roles in snow ecosystem processes. Patterns and mechanisms underpinning snow algae bloom spatial distribution and associated microbial community assembly dynamics are poorly understood. Here we examine associations of microbial communities and environmental measures between/within snow algae blooms. Snows from the Cascade Mountains and the Rocky Mountains (USA) were collected from medial (M), peripheral (P), and adjacent (A) zones of red snow algae blooms. Medial snow shows increased levels of pollen, lower oxidation-reduction potential, decreased algal and increased bacterial richness, and increased levels of potassium when compared to A and P within the same bloom. Between the Cascade and Rocky Mountains, fungal communities are distinct but bacterial and algal communities show little differentiation. A weighted OTU co-expression analysis (WOCNA) explores OTU modules and their differential correlation with environmental features, suggesting certain subcommunities may be altered by ecological patterns. Individual OTU interaction networks (fungi and bacteria) show high levels of connectivity compared to networks based on the red snow alga Sanguina nivaloides, which underscores associative differences between algal dominated networks and other taxa.
雪藻水华及其相关微生物群落对雪生态系统过程起着重要作用。然而，雪藻水华空间分布及其相关微生物群落组装动态的模式和机制仍知之甚少。本研究考察了雪藻水华内外微生物群落与环境测量之间的关联。从美国喀斯喀特山脉和落基山脉的红雪藻水华的中部（M）、外围（P）和相邻（A）区域采集雪样。与同一水华内的 A 和 P 区相比，M 区的雪样中花粉含量增加，氧化还原电位降低，藻类减少，细菌丰富度增加，钾含量增加。在喀斯喀特山脉和落基山脉之间，真菌群落存在明显差异，但细菌和藻类群落差异较小。加权 OTU 共表达分析（WOCNA）探讨了 OTU 模块及其与环境特征的差异相关性，表明某些亚群落可能受到生态模式的改变。与基于红色雪藻 Sanguina nivaloides 的网络相比，单个 OTU 相互作用网络（真菌和细菌）显示出更高的连通性水平，这突显了以藻类为主的网络与其他类群之间的关联差异。
