血脑屏障细胞：健康与疾病中的神经血管单元概述。
Cells of the Blood-Brain Barrier: An Overview of the Neurovascular Unit in Health and Disease.
机构信息
Department of Neurology, Jungers Center for Neurosciences Research, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
Office of Academic Development, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA.
出版信息
Methods Mol Biol. 2022;2492:3-24. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2289-6_1.
Abstract
The brain is endowed with highly specialized vasculature that is both structurally and functionally unique compared to vasculature supplying peripheral organs. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is formed by endothelial cells of the cerebral vasculature and prevents extravasation of blood products into the brain to protect neural tissue and maintain a homeostatic environment. The BBB functions as part of the neurovascular unit (NVU), which is composed of neurons, astrocytes, and microglia in addition to the specialized endothelial cells, mural cells, and the basement membrane. Through coordinated intercellular signaling, these cells function as a dynamic unit to tightly regulate brain blood flow, vascular function, neuroimmune responses, and waste clearance. In this chapter, we review the functions of individual NVU components, describe neurovascular coupling as a classic example of NVU function, and discuss archetypal NVU pathophysiology during disease.
摘要
大脑拥有高度特化的血管系统，与供应外周器官的血管系统相比，其在结构和功能上均具有独特性。血脑屏障（BBB）由脑血管内皮细胞形成，可防止血液成分渗出到脑组织中，从而保护神经组织并维持内环境稳定。BBB 作为神经血管单元（NVU）的一部分发挥作用，NVU 还包括神经元、星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞，以及特化的内皮细胞、壁细胞和基膜。通过协调的细胞间信号转导，这些细胞作为一个动态单元共同调节脑血流、血管功能、神经免疫反应和废物清除。在本章中，我们将回顾 NVU 各组成部分的功能，描述神经血管耦联作为 NVU 功能的一个经典范例，并讨论疾病状态下 NVU 的典型病理生理学。
相似文献
1
Cells of the Blood-Brain Barrier: An Overview of the Neurovascular Unit in Health and Disease.血脑屏障细胞：健康与疾病中的神经血管单元概述。
Methods Mol Biol. 2022;2492:3-24. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2289-6_1.
2
Structure and Function of the Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB).血脑屏障（BBB）的结构和功能。
Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2022;273:3-31. doi: 10.1007/164_2020_404.
3
[The neurovascular unit in health and ischemic stroke].[健康与缺血性卒中中的神经血管单元]
Nihon Rinsho. 2016 Apr;74(4):583-8.
4
In Vivo Targeting of the Neurovascular Unit: Challenges and Advancements.在体靶向神经血管单元：挑战与进展。
Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2022 Oct;42(7):2131-2146. doi: 10.1007/s10571-021-01113-3. Epub 2021 Jun 4.
5
A neurovascular blood-brain barrier in vitro model.一种神经血管血脑屏障体外模型。
Methods Mol Biol. 2014;1135:403-13. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-0320-7_33.
6
Breaking and building the wall: the biology of the blood-brain barrier in health and disease.打破与构建血脑屏障：血脑屏障在健康与疾病中的生物学。
Swiss Med Wkly. 2013 Nov 12;143:w13892. doi: 10.4414/smw.2013.13892. eCollection 2013.
7
The Translational Significance of the Neurovascular Unit.神经血管单元的转化意义
J Biol Chem. 2017 Jan 20;292(3):762-770. doi: 10.1074/jbc.R116.760215. Epub 2016 Dec 5.
8
Targetability of the neurovascular unit in inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system.中枢神经系统炎症性疾病中神经血管单元的靶向性。
Immunol Rev. 2022 Oct;311(1):39-49. doi: 10.1111/imr.13121. Epub 2022 Jul 31.
9
An isogenic neurovascular unit model comprised of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived brain microvascular endothelial cells, pericytes, astrocytes, and neurons.由人诱导多能干细胞衍生的脑微血管内皮细胞、周细胞、星形胶质细胞和神经元组成的同基因神经血管单元模型。
Fluids Barriers CNS. 2019 Aug 7;16(1):25. doi: 10.1186/s12987-019-0145-6.
10
How can microbial interactions with the blood-brain barrier modulate astroglial and neuronal function?微生物与血脑屏障的相互作用如何调节星形胶质细胞和神经元的功能？
Cell Microbiol. 2011 Oct;13(10):1470-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2011.01661.x. Epub 2011 Sep 6.
引用本文的文献
1
Exosome-Based Therapeutics: A Natural Solution to Overcoming the Blood-Brain Barrier in Neurodegenerative Diseases.基于外泌体的疗法：克服神经退行性疾病中血脑屏障的天然解决方案。
MedComm (2020). 2025 Sep 12;6(9):e70386. doi: 10.1002/mco2.70386. eCollection 2025 Sep.
2
Reviewing vascular influences on neuronal migration, cortical development, and neurodevelopmental disorders: focus on autism, ADHD and schizophrenia.综述血管对神经元迁移、皮质发育及神经发育障碍的影响：聚焦于自闭症、注意力缺陷多动障碍和精神分裂症。
Mol Psychiatry. 2025 Sep 2. doi: 10.1038/s41380-025-03200-z.
3
Review of the Role of TRAF7 in Brain Endothelial Integrity and Cerebrovascular Aging.TRAF7在脑内皮完整性和脑血管衰老中的作用综述。
Life (Basel). 2025 Aug 12;15(8):1280. doi: 10.3390/life15081280.
4
Mechanisms of cognitive impairment in arterial hypertension.动脉高血压认知功能障碍的机制。
World J Psychiatry. 2025 Jul 19;15(7):106597. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v15.i7.106597.
5
TREM2-mediated regulation of microglial activity: a promising target for the treatment of ischemic stroke.TREM2介导的小胶质细胞活性调节：缺血性中风治疗的一个有前景的靶点。
J Transl Med. 2025 Jul 11;23(1):782. doi: 10.1186/s12967-025-06799-3.
6
Polystyrene microplastics impair the function of human retinal microvascular endothelial cells and pericytes and increase vascular permeability .聚苯乙烯微塑料会损害人视网膜微血管内皮细胞和周细胞的功能，并增加血管通透性。
Front Med (Lausanne). 2025 Jun 24;12:1587759. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1587759. eCollection 2025.
7
Uptake of DU145 and LNCaP prostate cancer cell line derived extracellular vesicles is inversely correlated with blood-brain barrier integrity in vitro.DU145和LNCaP前列腺癌细胞系来源的细胞外囊泡的摄取在体外与血脑屏障完整性呈负相关。
Fluids Barriers CNS. 2025 Jul 7;22(1):70. doi: 10.1186/s12987-025-00680-7.
8
Ligand-Receptor Analysis of Brain Cell Type Marker Data Reveals Intricate Endothelial Interaction.脑细胞类型标记数据的配体-受体分析揭示了复杂的内皮细胞相互作用。
Ann Neurosci. 2025 Jun 21:09727531251343254. doi: 10.1177/09727531251343254.
9
Dementia from Small Vessel Disease Versus Alzheimer's Disease: Separate Diseases or Distinct Manifestations of Cerebral Capillopathy Due to Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction? A Pilot Study.小血管病性痴呆与阿尔茨海默病：是两种独立的疾病，还是血脑屏障功能障碍所致脑毛细血管病的不同表现？一项初步研究。
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 May 23;26(11):5040. doi: 10.3390/ijms26115040.
10
Sex-Associated Cerebellar and Hippocampal Volume Reduction in Alzheimer's Disease: Insights from the Clinical ADNI Cohort and STZ Animal Model.阿尔茨海默病中与性别相关的小脑和海马体积减小：来自临床ADNI队列和STZ动物模型的见解
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 May 17;26(10):4810. doi: 10.3390/ijms26104810.
本文引用的文献
1
Brain capillary pericytes exert a substantial but slow influence on blood flow.脑毛细血管周细胞对血流有显著但缓慢的影响。
Nat Neurosci. 2021 May;24(5):633-645. doi: 10.1038/s41593-020-00793-2. Epub 2021 Feb 18.
2
GABAergic signaling to astrocytes in the prefrontal cortex sustains goal-directed behaviors.GABA 能信号传递到前额叶皮层的星形胶质细胞维持着目标导向行为。
Nat Neurosci. 2021 Jan;24(1):82-92. doi: 10.1038/s41593-020-00752-x. Epub 2020 Dec 7.
3
Astrocytes-The Ultimate Effectors of Long-Range Neuromodulatory Networks?星形胶质细胞——长距离神经调节网络的最终效应器？
Front Cell Neurosci. 2020 Sep 29;14:581075. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2020.581075. eCollection 2020.
4
More than just summed neuronal activity: how multiple cell types shape the BOLD response.不仅仅是神经元活动的总和：多种细胞类型如何塑造 BOLD 反应。
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2021 Jan 4;376(1815):20190630. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0630. Epub 2020 Nov 16.
5
Contractile pericytes determine the direction of blood flow at capillary junctions.收缩性周细胞决定毛细血管连接处的血流方向。
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2020 Oct 27;117(43):27022-27033. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1922755117. Epub 2020 Oct 13.
6
Role of astroglial toll-like receptors (TLRs) in central nervous system infections, injury and neurodegenerative diseases.星型胶质细胞 toll 样受体（TLRs）在中枢神经系统感染、损伤和神经退行性疾病中的作用。
Brain Behav Immun. 2021 Jan;91:740-755. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.10.007. Epub 2020 Oct 8.
7
Regulation of blood-brain barrier integrity by microglia in health and disease: A therapeutic opportunity.小胶质细胞在健康和疾病中对血脑屏障完整性的调节：一个治疗机会。
J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2020 Dec;40(1_suppl):S6-S24. doi: 10.1177/0271678X20951995. Epub 2020 Sep 14.
8
Cerebral blood flow decrease as an early pathological mechanism in Alzheimer's disease.大脑血流减少是阿尔茨海默病的早期病理机制。
Acta Neuropathol. 2020 Dec;140(6):793-810. doi: 10.1007/s00401-020-02215-w. Epub 2020 Aug 31.
9
Structure, Function, and Regulation of the Blood-Brain Barrier Tight Junction in Central Nervous System Disorders.中枢神经系统疾病中血脑屏障紧密连接的结构、功能及调控
Front Physiol. 2020 Aug 6;11:914. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00914. eCollection 2020.
10
Astrocyte Reactivity: Subtypes, States, and Functions in CNS Innate Immunity.星形胶质细胞反应性：中枢神经系统固有免疫中的亚型、状态和功能。
Trends Immunol. 2020 Sep;41(9):758-770. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2020.07.004. Epub 2020 Aug 17.
Zotero 插件