Fu Fengqin, Guo Lianming, Tang Xunfei, Wang Jiayu, Xie Zhihao, Fekete Gusztáv, Cai Yuhui, Hu Qiuli, Gu Yaodong
Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
Doctoral School on Safety and Security Sciences, Óbuda University, Budapest, Hungary.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2022 Jun 6;10:866321. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.866321. eCollection 2022.
The study aimed to research the effects of innovative running shoes (a high heel-to-toe drop and special structure of midsole) on the biomechanics of the lower limbs and perceptual sensitivity in female runners. Fifteen healthy female runners were recruited to run through a 145-m runway with planted force plates at one peculiar speed (3.6 m/s ± 5%) with two kinds of shoe conditions (innovative running shoes . normal running shoes) while getting biomechanical data. The perception of shoe characteristics was assessed simultaneously through a 15-cm visual analog scale. The statistical parametric mapping technique calculated the time-series parameters. Regarding 0D parameters, the ankle dorsiflexion angle of innovative running shoes at touchdown was higher, and the peak dorsiflexion angle, range of motion, peak dorsiflexion velocity, and plantarflexion moment on the metatarsophalangeal joint of innovative running shoes during running were significantly smaller than those of normal running shoes (all < 0.001). In addition, the braking phase and the time of peak vertical force 1 of innovative running shoes were found to be longer than those of normal running shoes (both < 0.05). Meanwhile, the average vertical loading rate 1, peak vertical loading rate 1, peak braking force, and peak vertical force 1 in the innovative running shoes were lower than those of the normal running shoes during running (both < 0.01). The statistical parametric mapping analysis exhibited a higher ankle dorsiflexion angle (0-4%, < 0.05), a smaller knee internal rotation angle (0-6%, < 0.05) (63-72%, < 0.05), a decreased vertical ground reaction force (11-17%, = 0.009), and braking anteroposterior ground reaction force (22-27%, = 0.043) for innovative running shoes than normal running shoes. Runners were able to perceive the cushioning of innovative running shoes was better than that of normal running shoes. These findings suggested combining the high offset and structure of the midsole would benefit the industrial utilization of shoe producers in light of reducing the risk of running injuries for female runners.
该研究旨在探究创新型跑鞋（高跟跟落差和特殊中底结构）对女性跑步者下肢生物力学和感知敏感度的影响。招募了15名健康的女性跑步者，让她们以一种特定速度（3.6米/秒±5%）穿着两种鞋子（创新型跑鞋、普通跑鞋）跑过一条145米的跑道，跑道上设有测力板，同时获取生物力学数据。通过一个15厘米的视觉模拟量表同步评估对鞋子特性的感知。采用统计参数映射技术计算时间序列参数。关于零维参数，创新型跑鞋着地时的踝关节背屈角度更高，而跑步过程中创新型跑鞋在跖趾关节处的背屈峰值角度、运动范围、背屈峰值速度和跖屈力矩均显著小于普通跑鞋（均P<0.001）。此外，发现创新型跑鞋的制动阶段和峰值垂直力1的时间比普通跑鞋更长（均P<0.05）。同时，跑步过程中创新型跑鞋的平均垂直加载率1、峰值垂直加载率1、峰值制动力和峰值垂直力1均低于普通跑鞋（均P<0.01）。统计参数映射分析显示，与普通跑鞋相比，创新型跑鞋的踝关节背屈角度更高（0 - 4%，P<0.05），膝关节内旋角度更小（0 - 6%，P<0.05）（63 - 72%，P<0.05），垂直地面反作用力降低（11 - 17%，P = 0.009），制动前后地面反作用力降低（22 - 27%，P = 0.043）。跑步者能够感知到创新型跑鞋的缓冲比普通跑鞋更好。这些发现表明，结合高落差和中底结构将有利于鞋类生产商的工业应用，以降低女性跑步者的跑步受伤风险。
