Bersanetti Michelli Belotti, Gorla Camila, Turci Aline Mendonça
Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade de Araraquara, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
Rev Bras Med Trab. 2021 Dec 30;19(4):445-453. doi: 10.47626/1679-4435-2021-628. eCollection 2021 Oct-Dec.
Information technologies have become indispensable in the office environment with a considerable increase in the use of computers. Musculoskeletal complaints in computer workers have a multifactorial etiology; therefore, an ergonomic investigation should be based on both self-reporting of symptoms and quantifiable observational methods.
This study aimed to evaluate ergonomic and biomechanical characteristics of computer workers to identify the presence of symptoms and to assess the existence of a correlation between experts' observational assessment and workers' self-perception.
Participants were approached by an observer responsible for screening of symptoms and demographic characteristics. Volunteers were then evaluated simultaneously by two blinded observers.
Seventy-one computer workers participated, and no significant differences were observed for duration of work on a computer between participants with and without pain. Interobserver reliability was good (0.93, 95%CI 0.88-0.96). No correlation was found between Maastricht Upper Extremity Questionnaire and Rapid Office Strain Assessment scores (p = 0.054/r = 0.230). There was no difference between participants with and without pain in the Rapid Office Strain Assessment (p = 0.931). In the Maastricht Upper Extremity Questionnaire assessment, there were differences in job demand (p = 0.004), complaints (p = 0.034), and total score (p = 0.044), with higher scores for asymptomatic participants.
The results suggest that asymptomatic individuals are subject to higher job demands probably because they have not previously experienced significant pain. However, they have other complaints, such as stiffness, disability, weakness, edema, and paresthesia. Symptomatic individuals, in turn, have greater trouble in aspects such as reduced amount of time spent on work and performance of work requiring extra effort.
随着计算机使用量的大幅增加，信息技术在办公环境中已变得不可或缺。计算机工作者的肌肉骨骼不适具有多因素病因；因此，人体工程学调查应基于症状的自我报告和可量化的观察方法。
本研究旨在评估计算机工作者的人体工程学和生物力学特征，以确定症状的存在，并评估专家的观察评估与工作者自我认知之间的相关性。
由一名负责筛查症状和人口统计学特征的观察员接触参与者。然后由两名不知情的观察员同时对志愿者进行评估。
71名计算机工作者参与了研究，有疼痛和无疼痛的参与者在计算机上的工作时长未观察到显著差异。观察者间信度良好（0.93，95%CI 0.88 - 0.96）。马斯特里赫特上肢问卷得分与快速办公室劳损评估得分之间未发现相关性（p = 0.054/r = 0.230）。在快速办公室劳损评估中，有疼痛和无疼痛的参与者之间没有差异（p = 0.931）。在马斯特里赫特上肢问卷评估中，工作需求（p = 0.004）、主诉（p = 0.034）和总分（p = 0.044）存在差异，无症状参与者得分更高。
结果表明，无症状个体可能因之前未经历过明显疼痛而面临更高的工作需求。然而，他们有其他主诉，如僵硬、功能障碍、虚弱、水肿和感觉异常。有症状的个体则在诸如工作时间减少和需要额外努力的工作表现等方面有更大困难。
