Pantovic Milan, Macak Drazenka, Cokorilo Nebojsa, Moonie Sheniz, Riley Zachary A, Madic Dejan M, Poston Brach
Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA.
Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
J Funct Morphol Kinesiol. 2022 May 25;7(2):42. doi: 10.3390/jfmk7020042.
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been shown to improve motor learning in numerous studies. However, only a few of these studies have been conducted on elite-level performers or in complex motor tasks that have been practiced extensively. The purpose was to determine the influence of tDCS applied to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) on motor learning over multiple days on 10-m air rifle shooting performance in elite Deaflympic athletes. Two male and two female elite Deaflympic athletes (World, European, and National medalists) participated in this case series. The study utilized a randomized, double-blind, SHAM-controlled, cross-over design. Anodal tDCS or SHAM stimulation was applied to the left DLPFC for 25 min with a current strength of 2 mA concurrent with three days of standard shooting practice sessions. Shooting performance was quantified as the points and the endpoint error. Separate 2 (DLPFC-tDCS, SHAM) × 3 (1,2,3) within-subjects ANOVAs revealed no significant main effects or interactions for either points or endpoint error. These results indicate that DLPFC-tDCS applied over multiple days does not improve shooting performance in elite athletes. Different stimulation parameters or very long-term (weeks/months) application of tDCS may be needed to improve motor learning in elite athletes.
经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）在众多研究中已被证明可改善运动学习。然而，这些研究中只有少数是针对精英水平的运动员或在经过大量练习的复杂运动任务中进行的。本研究旨在确定对精英聋人奥运会运动员进行为期多天的经颅直流电刺激（tDCS），刺激背外侧前额叶皮层（DLPFC）对10米气步枪射击成绩的运动学习影响。两名男性和两名女性精英聋人奥运会运动员（世界、欧洲和国家奖牌获得者）参与了本病例系列研究。该研究采用随机、双盲、假刺激对照、交叉设计。阳极tDCS或假刺激以2毫安的电流强度施加于左侧DLPFC 25分钟，同时进行为期三天的标准射击练习。射击成绩以得分和终点误差来量化。单独的2（DLPFC - tDCS，假刺激）×3（第1、2、3天）重复测量方差分析显示，得分或终点误差均无显著的主效应或交互作用。这些结果表明，多天应用DLPFC - tDCS并不能提高精英运动员的射击成绩。可能需要不同的刺激参数或非常长期（数周/数月）的tDCS应用来改善精英运动员的运动学习。
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