Nature-based Solutions Initiative, Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3SAZ, UK.
Science. 2022 Jun 24;376(6600):1410-1416. doi: 10.1126/science.abn9668. Epub 2022 Jun 23.
Although many governments, financial institutions, and corporations are embracing nature-based solutions as part of their sustainability and net-zero carbon strategies, some nations, Indigenous peoples, local community groups, and grassroots organizations have rejected this term. This pushback is fueled by (i) critical uncertainties about when, where, how, and for whom nature-based solutions are effective and (ii) controversies surrounding their misuse in greenwashing, violations of human rights, and threats to biodiversity. To clarify how the scientific community can help address these issues, I provide an overview of recent research on the benefits and limits of nature-based solutions, including how they compare with technological approaches, and highlight critical areas for future research.
尽管许多政府、金融机构和公司将基于自然的解决方案作为其可持续性和净零碳战略的一部分，但一些国家、土著人民、地方社区团体和基层组织拒绝使用这一术语。这种抵制是由以下因素推动的：（i）对基于自然的解决方案何时、何地、如何以及对谁有效存在重大不确定性；（ii）它们在绿色清洗、侵犯人权和威胁生物多样性方面被滥用的争议。为了阐明科学界如何帮助解决这些问题，我提供了关于基于自然的解决方案的益处和局限性的最新研究概述，包括它们与技术方法的比较，并强调了未来研究的关键领域。
